Download Water Operator Class D Study Guide | 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Versio and more Exams Water and Wastewater Engineering in PDF only on Docsity!
Water Operator Class D Study Guide |
100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest
2024 Version
The primary purpose of the Water Utility Industry - ✔✔The production and delivery of safe drinking water to consumers Those who work in the public water industry have a responsibility to meet standards created by these types of government entities. - ✔✔Federal and State basic federal and state standards state that Water must be: - ✔✔disinfected, delivered at adequate pressure, and be ample in quantity. Employees should guard what - ✔✔the water supply and facilities Employees should guard the water supply and facilities from these three things. - ✔✔contamination, vandalism and terrorism Bacteriological analysis records are kept for - ✔✔5 years Chemical analysis records are kept for - ✔✔10 years Records about action taken to correct violations of primary drinking water regulations are kept for - ✔✔ 3 years after last action taken Written documentation relating to sanitary surveys conducted are kept for - ✔✔10 years after the survey is completed Documentation of a variance or exemption granted is kept for - ✔✔5 years after its expiration
Results of required tests, measurements or analysis must be reported - ✔✔within 10 days following its completion A copy of Consumer Confidence reports (EPA Required)must be kept for - ✔✔5 years Administers water operator licensing - ✔✔TCEQ TCEQ - ✔✔Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Description of a public water system - ✔✔Regularly serves at least 25 individuals daily at least 60 days out of the year.Services at least 15 service connections. MUDs - ✔✔Municipal Utility Districts Water is essential to - ✔✔Life and health Customers are entitled to - ✔✔courteous treatment & answers to questions about water This type of public system is not required to compile monthly reports - ✔✔systems that serve less than 100 connections OR purchase treated water Job training for water utility operators is available through these 3 organizations - ✔✔American Water Works Association, Texas Engineering Extension Service, Texas Water Utilities Association All public water systems are required to employ certified operators even if the system only - ✔✔redistributes treated water bought from another source cities, municipal utility districts,rural water supply corporations mobile home parks, campgrounds are examples of: - ✔✔Public Water Systems
Wat are the three keys to good customer relations - ✔✔Everything the utility does is PR; Customers are entitles to courteous treatment; Every employee is a PR person Customers have the most contact with - ✔✔Meter Readers Meter readers can be ambassadors of goodwill by doing these 5 things - ✔✔wearing identifying clothing; being neat and courteous; Teaching customers how to read their meter; Explaining utility policies such as delinquent notices or disputed readings; Taking care or property Maintenance crews can warn customers of - ✔✔service interruptions Maintenance crews can provide this to protect the public - ✔✔signs and barriers The plant operator is responsible for making the water - ✔✔safe to drink and use Water bills should be 4 things - ✔✔accurate; itemized; neat; legible It is important that the utility have a sense of this (attitude) - ✔✔pride and professionalism Employees should be kept informed of utility... - ✔✔plans and policies How should customer complaints be treated? - ✔✔as legitimate and investigated as soon as possible In small water systems the operator is often - ✔✔a meter reader, repair crew and pump operator; the highest paid employee; a college graduate Stuffers are - ✔✔sent to customers in billing statements
Suffers can be many things. Name 4. - ✔✔departments to call for service; explanations of utility policy; a history of the utility; tips on water conservation Delinquent payment notices should be (4 things) - ✔✔tactful and tasteful; mailed in an envelope; businesslike The EPA requires community water systems to The water system must provide customers with a report on the system's water quality how often? - ✔✔yearly The annual system water quality report should be - ✔✔attractive; easy to understand The annual system water quality report can build what - ✔✔goodwill and trust with the customer Good treatment of employees includes 3 primary things - ✔✔fair wages; benefits; safe working conditions After action is taken on a complaint the employee should do this to to make sure everything is satisfactory(OK). - ✔✔follow up with a phone call, post card or e-mail Give 3 reasons that water plant facilities should be kept neat and clean - ✔✔to indicate a professional attitude; to keep public support; to keep confidence in the water quality The employee should listen to special requests and look for ways to oblige the customer within - ✔✔utility policy The chemical symbol for water - ✔✔H2O Three forms of water - ✔✔solid(ice); liquid(water); water(vapor/gas) Hydrological cycle - ✔✔the natural exchange of water between the earth and atmosphere
Reports for Ground Water Systems must be kept for... - ✔✔inspection or review but are not required to mail them in Types of systems that are not required to compile monthly reports - ✔✔Ground Water & Surface Water that serve less than 100 connections Water is never found in nature with this characteristic - ✔✔pure Name the 5 physical characteristics of water - ✔✔Temperature; Turbidity; Color; Taste and Odor Chemical Characteristics of water - ✔✔Hardness; pH; Solids; Gases Turbidity - ✔✔the amount of suspended matter such as clay, silt, organic matter and microorganisms in water Color in water can result from - ✔✔mineral or organic matter True color - ✔✔dissolved in water; cannot be removed by filtering Apparent Color - ✔✔suspended in water; can be filtered out an example of true color - ✔✔tea an example of apparent color - ✔✔red water caused by oxidized iron algae; bacteria; organic matter; gases; and chemicals give what to water - ✔✔taste and color chemicals in water are measured in - ✔✔mg/L
mg/L - ✔✔milligrams per liter How often should surface water be sampled for chemical analysis? - ✔✔once a year How often should ground water be sampled for chemical analysis? - ✔✔every 3 years Hardness is caused by - ✔✔calcium and magnesium and other minerals The pH scale ranges from - ✔✔0 to 14 acidic on the pH scale is (number range) - ✔✔from 0 to 7 basic on the pH scale is - ✔✔from 7 to 14 neutral on the pH scales is - ✔✔ 7 Solids that can be removed by filtering - ✔✔suspended Solids that cannot be removed by filtering - ✔✔dissolved Name 3 Common gases found in water - ✔✔hydrogen sulfide; carbon dioxide; methane chemically water is made up of - ✔✔two atoms hydrogen; one atom oxygen Nature's way of recycling water - ✔✔the hydrological cycle the quality water standard of public water supplies is - ✔✔drinking
List 5 characteristics of Hydrogen Sulfide - ✔✔heavier than air; colorless; flammable; toxic; has a rotten egg odor Excessive nitrates in drinking water can cause - ✔✔blue baby syndrome in infants Excessive amounts of fluoride may cause - ✔✔mottling/staining of teeth byproducts of chlorination - ✔✔Trihalomethanes THMs; Haloacetic Acids HAAs Trihalomethanes and Haloacetic Acids may cause problems with (4 health related items) - ✔✔the liver; kidneys; central nervous systems; increase cancer risks What is the Action level for Copper? (by the Lead and Copper rule) - ✔✔1.3 mg/L What is the Action level for Lead? (by the Lead and Copper rule) - ✔✔. Turbidity limits - ✔✔less than or equal to .3 NTU What is the acceptable Fluoride range in water? - ✔✔.7 to 1.0 mg/L Nitrates Limits - ✔✔less than or equal to 20mg/L as nitrogen Dissolved solids limits - ✔✔less than or equal to 1000 mg/L Taste and Color Limits - ✔✔less than or equal to 15 units Aquifer - ✔✔underground water-bearing formation yielding useful quantities of water
The quantity of water that a formation yields depends on - ✔✔the depth, thickness, drawdown and permeability of the formation What are 2 problems caused by over-pumping include - ✔✔falling water levels; subsidence subsidence - ✔✔sinking of the land the purpose of the well casing and cementing is to - ✔✔protect the well from collapse and surface contamination The purpose of the well screen is to - ✔✔reduce/keep sand out of the well the most important feature of the well screen is - ✔✔the size of the openings (mesh size) A screen's mesh size is determined by 3 things. What are they? - ✔✔size of the aquifer material; size of the gravel in the gravel pack; type of well development Gravel pack - ✔✔Fine gravel placed around the well screen The purpose of a well's gravel pack is to - ✔✔reduce pumping sand Well Vent - ✔✔vacuum breaker The Purpose of a well vent - ✔✔to allow the casing to breathe as water levels change when the pump cycles Name 2 problems that vacuums in wells can cause - ✔✔drawing of contaminants into the well; restriction of the free flow of water to the well pump
Irrigation With Sewage Effluents must be this many feet away from a well - ✔✔ 500 Zone of No Sewers - ✔✔50 feet around a well List 4 ways to reduce the pumping of sand - ✔✔Lowering the gpm pump rate; Cycling the pump less; Installing sand separation devices; Correcting problems such as loss of gravel pack GPM - ✔✔Gallons per minute Water from a new well should not be used until what happens? - ✔✔bacteriological samples for three successive days show NO coliform coliforms are - ✔✔organisms successive - ✔✔in a row without interruption consecutive - ✔✔in a row without interruption coliforms are - ✔✔a type of organism pumping level - ✔✔water level with the pump running static level - ✔✔water level without the pump running Drawdown = - ✔✔pumping level - static level; the difference between static level and pumping; always a positive number Surface water usually contains more of these than ground water - ✔✔Microorganisms
Ground water usually contains less of these than surface water - ✔✔Microorganisms Ground water usually contains more of these than surface water - ✔✔dissolved minerals and gases Surface water usually contains less of these than ground water - ✔✔dissolved minerals and gases Water table wells are usually (depth) - ✔✔shallow Artesian wells are - ✔✔deep wells Artesian Aquifer - ✔✔Deep aquifer Springs - ✔✔natural outcrops where an aquifer reaches the surface Deep wells are usually - ✔✔artesian aquifers Artesian aquifers are overlaid by an - ✔✔impervious layer of rock impervious layer - ✔✔a layer of rock that water cannot enter Cone of Depression - ✔✔an area around a water table well that is dewatered by pumping Zone of pressure reduction - ✔✔an area around an artesian well that is dewatered by pumping Circle of influence - ✔✔the top area around a well that is dewatered by pumping An abandoned well must be - ✔✔sealed
Irrigation With Sewage Effluents must be this many feet away from a well - ✔✔ 500 Zone of No Sewers - ✔✔50 feet around a well Ways to reduce sand pumping - ✔✔Lowering the gpm pump rate; Cycling the pump less; Installing sand separation devices; Correcting problems such as loss of gravel pack GPM - ✔✔Gallons per minute Water from a new well should not be used until what analysis - ✔✔bacteriological samples for three successive days show NO cloriforms cloriforms are - ✔✔organisms successive - ✔✔in a row without interruption consecutive - ✔✔in a row without interruption coliforms are - ✔✔types of organisms pumping level - ✔✔water level with the pump ringing static level - ✔✔water level without the pump running Surface water usually contains more of these than ground water - ✔✔Microorganisms Ground water usually contains less of these than surface water - ✔✔Microorganisms
Ground water usually contains more of these than surface water - ✔✔dissolved minerals and gases Surface water usually contains less of these than ground water - ✔✔dissolved minerals and gases Artesian wells are (depth) - ✔✔deep wells Artesian Aquifer - ✔✔Deep aquifer Springs - ✔✔natural outcrops where an aquifer reaches the surface Deep wells are usually - ✔✔artesian aquifers Artesian aquifers are overlaid by an - ✔✔impervious layer of rock impervious layer - ✔✔a layer of rock that water cannot enter Cone of Depression - ✔✔an area around a water table well that is dewatered by pumping Zone of pressure reduction - ✔✔an area around an artesian well that is dewatered by pumping Circle of influence - ✔✔the top area around a well that is dewatered by pumping Two major Auquifers in Texas - ✔✔Edwards & Ogallala Completed wells must be protected by - ✔✔fences or locked well houses Sanitary control easement - ✔✔an area around a well that is secured from property owners and recorded in the county courthouse deed records
Sodium hydroxide or soda ash is used to adjust - ✔✔pH Corrosiveness is reduced by - ✔✔adjusting the pH Two techniques used to remove calcium and magnesium - ✔✔adding lime; exchanging ions To soften hard water - ✔✔add lime; this reacts with the hard water to remove calcium and magnesium, causing the water to "soften" Two major Auquifers in Texas - ✔✔Edwards & Ogallala Completed wells must be protected by - ✔✔fences or locked well houses Sanitary control easement - ✔✔an area round a well that is secured from property owners and recorded in the county courthouse deed records Size of Sanitary control easement - ✔✔150 feet around the well Developing a well - ✔✔process of flushing out a well The purpose of developing a well is to - ✔✔remove drilling mud and loose sand Methods of developing a well - ✔✔surging; overpumping; jetting; backwashing What dosage is required to disinfect a well - ✔✔at least 50 mg/l of chlorine length of time for well disinfection solution to remain in well - ✔✔minimum of 6 hours The purpose of well disinfection is to - ✔✔disinfect the pump gravel and screen
The purpose of well disinfection is not to disinfect the - ✔✔water in the aquifer A well sample for physical and chemical analysis must be taken after - ✔✔36 hours of pumping Changes in water levels or the amount of water produced/pumped from a well can show - ✔✔a drop in the water table; screen stoppage; damage to the pump submersible & vertical turbine - ✔✔Most common type of deep well pumps Jet pumps - ✔✔used in shallow wells when the amount of water delivered is small Gases such as methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide are reduced by - ✔✔Aeration Sodium hydroxide or soda ash is used to adjust - ✔✔pH Corrosiveness is reduce by - ✔✔adjusting the pH Used to remove calcium and magnesium - ✔✔adding lime; exchanging ions percolation - ✔✔water moving through the soil Surface water - ✔✔Water above ground, but not in the air Percentage of public water systems that use surface water - ✔✔1/4 or 25% 1000 feet - ✔✔The distance that boat ramps, docks and fishing peirs must be away from a water intake
