Download Week 10 Final Examination Guide 2024: Important Health-Related Questions and Symptoms and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
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- It is important to not dilate the eye if is suspected. Cataract Macular degeneration Acute closed-angle glaucoma Chronic open-angle glaucoma
Question 2. 2. An 18-year-old female patient presents with repeated urinary tract infections. She has no risk factors in her history, and her physical examination is unremarkable. She also has a normal pelvic exam. Which of the following should be obtained if anatomic abnormalities are suspected? Ultrasound of the kidneys Intravenous pyelogram Cystoscopy Transvaginal ultrasound of the bladder
Question 3. 3. The pathophysiological hallmark of ACD is: Depleted iron stores Impaired ability to use iron stores Chronic uncorrectable bleeding Reduced intestinal absorption of iron
Question 4. 4. Which of the following is the most important question to ask during cardiovascular health history? Number of offspring Last physical exam Sudden death of a family member
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Use of caffeine
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Herpes zoster
Question 9. 9. Asymptomatic 1+ bacteriuria is found in a nursing home resident with an indwelling catheter. The nurse practitioner’s initial intervention includes: Assessing resident’s cognitive status and last change of the catheter/bag Prescribing prophylactic Bactrim 1 tablet at bedtime Ordering a urine culture and sensitivity and prescribing empiric treatment until results obtained Ordering an X-ray of the kidney, urine, and bladder
Question 10. 10. A 64-year-old male presents with erythema of the sclera, tearing, and bilateral pruritus of the eyes. The symptoms occur intermittently throughout the year and he has associated clear nasal discharge. Which of the following is most likely because of the inflammation? Bacterium Allergen Virus Fungi
Question 11. 11. The nurse practitioner is examining a 62-year-old female who has been complaining of lower abdominal pain. Upon auscultation, bowel sounds are high pitched and tinkling. Which of the following terms describes this finding? Succession splash Borborygmi Tenesmus Puddle sign
Question 12. 12. Which ethnic group has the highest incidence of prostate cancer? Asians
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Hispanics African Americans American Indians
Question 13. 13. A key symptom of ischemic heart disease is chest pain. However, angina equivalents may include exertional dyspnea. Angina equivalents are important because: Women with ischemic heart disease many times do not present with chest pain Some patients may have no symptoms or atypical symptoms; diagnosis may only be made at the time of an actual myocardial infarction Elderly patients have the most severe symptoms A & B only
Question 14. 14. The nurse practitioner is discussing lifestyle changes with a patient diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux. What are the nonpharmacological management interventions that should be included? Weight reduction and rest 30 minutes after each meal in the supine position Elevation of head of the bed 4-6 inches on blocks and weight reduction Encouraged to wear restrictive clothing to add support for diaphragmatic breathing Using oral mints to relieve gastric distress
Question 15. 15. Which lesions are typically located along the distribution of dermatome? Scabies Herpes zoster Tinea Dyshidrosis
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Corneal abrasion
Question 20. 20. The aging process causes what normal physiological changes in the heart? The heart valve thickens and becomes rigid, secondary to fibrosis and sclerosis Cardiology occurs along with prolapse of the mitral valve and regurgitation Dilation of the right ventricle occurs with sclerosis of pulmonic and tricuspid valves Hypertrophy of the right ventricle
Question 21. 21. Ms. Smith, 37-year-old, comes to the clinic today complaining of dull, throbbing bilateral headaches almost every evening. You suspect she is experiencing: cluster headaches migraine headaches tension headaches benign intracranial hypertension
Question 22. 22. A 59-year-old patient with history of alcohol abuse comes to your office because of ‘throwing up blood”. On physical examination, you note ascites and caput medusa. A likely cause for the hematemesis is: Peptic ulcer disease Barrett’s esophagus Esophageal varices Pancreatitis
Question 23. 23. Which of the following is considered a “red flag” when diagnosing a patient with pneumonia? Fever of 102 Infiltrates on chest X-ray
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Pleural effusion on chest X-ray Elevated white blood cell count
Question 24. 24. Your patient complains of lower abdominal pain, anorexia, extreme fatigue, unintentional weight loss of 10 pounds in last 3 weeks, and you find a positive hemoccult on digital rectal examination. Laboratory tests show iron deficiency anemia. The clinician needs to consider: Diverticulitis Colon cancer Appendicitis Peptic ulcer disease
Question 25. 25. You have a patient complaining of vertigo and want to know what could be the cause. Knowing there are many causes for vertigo, you question the length of time the sensation lasts. She tells you several hours to days and is accompanied by tinnitus and hearing loss. You suspect which of the following conditions? Ménière’s disease Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo Transient ischemic attack (TIA) Migraine
Question 26. 26. In examining the mouth of an older adult with a history of smoking, the nurse practitioner finds a suspicious oral lesion. The patient has been referred for a biopsy to be sent for pathology. Which is the most common oral precancerous lesion? Fictional keratosis Keratoacanthoma Lichen planus Leukoplakia
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Question 31. 31. Your patient has just returned from a 6-month missionary trip to Southeast Asia. He reports unremitting cough, hemoptysis, and an unintentional weight loss of 10 pounds over the last month. These symptoms should prompt the clinician to suspect: Legionnaires' disease Malaria Tuberculosis Pneumonia
Question 32. 32. In assessing the eyes, which of the following is considered a “red flag” finding when associated with eye redness? History of prior red-eye episodes Grossly visible corneal defect Exophthalmos Photophobia
Question 33. 33. The best evidence rating drugs to consider in a post myocardial infarction patient include: ASA, ACE/ARB, beta-blocker, aldosterone blockade ACE, ARB, Calcium channel blocker, ASA Long-acting nitrates, warfarin, ACE, and ARB ASA, clopidogrel, nitrates
Question 34. 34. In examination of the nose, the clinician observes gray, pale mucous membranes with clear, serous discharge. This is most likely indicative of: Bacterial sinusitis Allergic rhinitis Drug abuse
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Skull fracture
Question 35. 35. Which of the following findings should trigger an urgent referral to a cardiologist or neurologist? History of bright flash of light followed by significantly blurred vision History of transient and painless monocular loss of vision History of monocular severe eye pain, blurred vision, and ciliary flush All of the above
Question 36. 36. Which symptom is more characteristic of Non-Cardiac chest pain? Pain often radiates to the neck, jaw, epigastrium, shoulder, or arm Pain tends to occur with movement, stretching or palpation Pain usually lasts less than 10 minutes and is relieved by nitroglycerine Pain is aggravated by exertion or stress
Question 37. 37. Aortic regurgitation requires medical treatment for early signs of CHF with: Beta blockers ACE inhibitors Surgery Hospitalization
Question 38. 38. What test is used to confirm the diagnosis of appendicitis? CBC Flat plate of abdomen Rectal exam CT of abdomen with attention to appendix
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Uterine prolapse All of the above
Question 43. 43. Which of the following drugs would be useful for the nurse practitioner to prescribe for an older adult to prevent gastric ulcers when a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug is used for chronic pain management? Misoprostol (Cytotec) Cimetidine (Tagamet) Metronidazole (Flagyl) Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto bismol)
Question 44. 44. Which of the following details are NOT considered while staging asthma? Nighttime awakenings Long-acting beta agonist usage Frequency of symptoms Spirometry findings
Question 45. 45. A 66-year-old patient presents to the clinic complaining of dyspnea and wheezing. The patient reports a smoking history of 2 packs of cigarettes per day since age 16. This would be recorded in the chart as: 50 x 2-pack years 100-pack years 50-year, 2-pack history 100-pack history
Question 46. 46. A clinical clue for suspected renal artery stenosis would be: Decreased urine output
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Development of resistant hypertension in a previously well-controlled patient Retroperitoneal pain on the affected side Rising BUN level with normal creatinine level
Question 47. 47. What is the most common valvular heart disease in the older adult? Aortic regurgitation Aortic stenosis Mitral regurgitation Mitral stenosis
Question 48. 48. The cytochrome p system involves enzymes that are generally: Inhibited by drugs Induced by drugs Inhibited or induced by drugs Associated with decreased liver perfusion
Question 49. 49. Which of the following is the most common cause of heartburn-type epigastric pain? Decreased lower esophageal sphincter tone Helicobacter pylori infection of stomach Esophageal spasm Peptic ulcer disease
Question 50. 50. A nurse practitioner reports that your patient’s abdominal X-ray demonstrates multiple air-fluid levels in the bowel. This is a diagnostic finding found in: Appendicitis Cholecystitis
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Question 54. 54. A 46-year-old female complains of fatigue, general malaise, and pain and swelling in her hands that has gradually worsened over the last few weeks. She reports that pain, stiffness, and swelling of her hands are most severe in the morning. On physical examination, you note swelling of the metacarpophalangeal joints bilaterally. These are common signs of: Osteoarthritis Rheumatoid arthritis Scleroderma Sarcoidosis
Question 55. 55. Whenever a patient presents with acute non-traumatic shoulder pain, the clinician should make sure to exclude a: Cardiac origin of symptoms Gastrointestinal condition Cervical spine disorder All of the above
Question 56. 56. A female patient presents to the clinic with complaints of a severe, throbbing, unilateral headache. She complains of seeing flashes of light prior to the headache. She complains of sound and light sensitivity as well as nausea. The clinician should recognize these as symptoms of: Epilepsy with aura Cluster headache Migraine headache Normal pressure hydrocephalus
Question 57. 57. The main focus of treatment of patients with ACD is: Replenishing iron stores Providing for adequate nutrition high in iron
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Management of the underlying disorder Administration of monthly vitamin B12 injections
Question 58. 58. The most common neurological cause of seizures in an older adult is: Alzheimer’s disease Multiple sclerosis Stroke Peripheral neuropathy
Question 59. 59. Your 63-year-old Caucasian woman with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) will begin treatment with corticosteroids until the condition has resolved. You look over her records and it has been 2 years since her last physical examination and any laboratory or diagnostic tests as she relocated and had not yet identified a health-care provider. In prioritizing your management plan, your first orders should include: Recommending she increase her dietary intake of Calcium and Vitamin D Ordering once a year bisphosphonate and a proton pump inhibitor Participate in a fall prevention program Dual-energy X-ray (DEXA) scan and updating immunizations
Question 60. 60. Your patient is a 78-year-old female with a smoking history of 120-pack years. She complains of hoarseness that has developed over the last few months. It is important to exclude the possibility of: Thrush Laryngeal cancer Carotidynia Thyroiditis
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Urticaria
Question 65. 65. A 65-year-old male complains of a headache that feels “like a knife is cutting into his head.” He also reports feeling right-sided scalp and facial pain and “seeing double” at times. He has a history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia. His medications include beta blocker, statin drug, and an ACE inhibitor. On physical examination, you note palpable tenderness over the right side of the forehead. There are no neurological deficits. Vision is 20/20 with lenses. No weakness of extremities. CN II to XII are intact. The history corresponds to which of the following disorders? Drug toxicity Giant cell arteritis Cluster headache Migraine headache
Question 66. 66. Which of the following conditions is the most common cause of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea? Viral gastroenteritis Staphylococcal food poisoning Acute hepatitis A E coli gastroenteritis
Question 67. 67. The nurse practitioner orders bilateral wrist X-rays on a 69-year-old gentleman complaining of pain in both wrists for the past 6 weeks not related to any known trauma. The nurse practitioner suspects elderly onset rheumatoid arthritis. The initial radiographic finding in a patient with elderly onset rheumatoid arthritis would be: Symmetric joint space narrowing Soft tissue swelling Subluxations of the joints Joint erosions
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Question 68. 68. A common auscultatory finding in advanced CHF is: Systolic ejection murmur S3 gallop rhythm Friction rub Bradycardia
Question 69. 69. The three cardinal features of Parkinson’s disease are: Essential tremor, postural rigidity, and infarcts of the basal ganglion Bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor Shuffling gait, constipation, positional freezing. Dementia, incontinence, and infarcts of the basal ganglion
Question 70. 70. In AR disorders, carriers have: Two mutated genes; one from each parent that cause disease A mutation on a sex chromosome that causes a disease A single gene mutation that causes the disease One copy of a gene mutation but not the disease
Question 71. 71. A 75-year-old patient complains of pain and paresthesias in the right foot that worsens with exercise and is relieved by rest. On physical examination you note pallor of the right foot, capillary refill of 4 seconds in the right foot, +1 dorsalis pedis pulse in the right foot, and +2 pulse in left foot. Which of the following is a likely cause of the signs and symptoms? Arterial insufficiency Femoral vein thrombus Venous insufficiency Peripheral neuropathy
