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Communism, Fascism, and Democracy: A Comparison of Socio-Political Systems, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Political Systems

An in-depth comparison of communism, fascism, and democracy as socio-political systems. It discusses the origins, principles, economic systems, and political structures of each system, highlighting their similarities and differences. The document also touches upon the historical backgrounds of these systems and their impact on society.

Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

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Communism versus Fascism versus Democracy
While communism is a system based around a theory of economic
equality and advocates for a classless society, fascism is a
nationalistic, top-down system with rigid class roles that is ruled by an
all-powerful dictator. Both communism and fascism originated in
Europe and gained popularity in the early to mid 20th century.
What are Communism and Fascism?
As a socioeconomic system, communism considers all property to be
communal that is, owned by the community or by the state. This
system also stresses the importance of a "classless" society, where there
are no differences between the wealthy and the working classes, between
men and women, or between races. While Marxist communism is the
most common form of communism, there is also non-Marxist
communism.
Contrary to communism's goal of a classless society, fascism upholds a
strict class structure, ensuring that every member of society has a specific,
unchangeable role. Often in fascist societies women are restricted to the
home and child-rearing, and a certain racial or ethnic group is considered
superior, with national and ethnic unity encouraged at the expense of
individuality and diversity. For example, Hitler's fascist regime glorified
the Aryan race and called for the extermination of Jews, Gypsies, and
Poles during World War II. Moreover, other groups with actual or
perceived differences, including homosexuals, the disabled, and
communists, were targeted during the Holocaust.
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Communism versus Fascism versus Democracy

While communism is a system based around a theory of economic

equality and advocates for a classless society, fascism is a

nationalistic, top-down system with rigid class roles that is ruled by an

all-powerful dictator. Both communism and fascism originated in

Europe and gained popularity in the early to mid 20th century.

What are Communism and Fascism?

As a socioeconomic system, communism considers all property to be communal — that is, owned by the community or by the state. This system also stresses the importance of a "classless" society, where there are no differences between the wealthy and the working classes, between men and women, or between races. While Marxist communism is the most common form of communism, there is also non-Marxist communism. Contrary to communism's goal of a classless society, fascism upholds a strict class structure, ensuring that every member of society has a specific, unchangeable role. Often in fascist societies women are restricted to the home and child-rearing, and a certain racial or ethnic group is considered superior, with national and ethnic unity encouraged at the expense of individuality and diversity. For example, Hitler's fascist regime glorified the Aryan race and called for the extermination of Jews, Gypsies, and Poles during World War II. Moreover, other groups with actual or perceived differences, including homosexuals, the disabled, and communists, were targeted during the Holocaust.

Political System

Both fascism and communism are against the democratic process but with some differences. Fascism looks down upon parliamentary democracy. Fascist leaders like Hitler and Mussolini participated in electoral politics before coming to power. But after seizing power, fascist leaders tended to abolish political parties, oppose universal suffrage and became dictators and Rulers for life.

Economic System

Communism is based on the equal distribution of wealth. The tenet of Marxian communism was "From each according to his ability, to each according to his need." Everyone in society receives an equal share of the benefits derived from labor, e.g., food and money. In order to ensure that everyone receives an equal amount, all means of production are controlled by the state. Fascism allows for private enterprise, but its economic system is focused entirely on strengthening and glorifying the state. Both Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany aimed for self-sufficiency, so that each country could survive entirely without trade with other nations. See fascist corporatism.

Democratic and communist political systems are based on

different ideological principles. Although superficially they seem

to share the "power to the people" philosophy, in practice the two

systems of government structure the economic and political fabric

of society in markedly different ways.

In the economic sphere, communism calls for the government to

take control of all the capital and industry in the country in an