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Williams Basic Nutrition And Diet Therapy Chapter 5 Digestion, Absorption, And Metabolism, Exams of Advanced Education

Williams Basic Nutrition And Diet Therapy Chapter 5 Digestion, Absorption, And Metabolism Test With All Answers.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 07/03/2025

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Williams Basic Nutrition And Diet
Therapy Chapter 5 Digestion,
Absorption, And Metabolism Test With
All Answers
Digestion and the Digestive Organs - correct answer-Food must change into simpler
substances to be absorbed and sustain life.
-Through mechanical and chemical digestion, food breaks down to nutrients to be
used for the body's nutritional value via digestion, absorption, and metabolism.
-Each part of the gastrointestinal (GI) system performs the mechanical and chemical
breakdown of foods: Mouth, Stomach, and small and large intestine
Digestion - correct answer-food is broken down in the GI tract to release nutrients in
forms that the body can absorb
Absorption - correct answer-cells that line the GI tract "take in" nutrients
Transport - correct answer-movement of nutrients through the circulatory system
from one area of the body to another
Metabolism - correct answer-all of the changes in the cell that produce material for
energy, tissue building, and metabolic controls
Assessory Organs in digestion - correct answer-liver, pancreas, and gallbladder
Mechanical Digestion -muscles and nerves - correct answer--Mastication = biting
and chewing to break down food
-food swallowed and passes down esophagus via peristaltic waves
-muscles at tongue base facilitate swallowing process
-Gastroesophageal sphincter at entrance to stomach relaxes; food entered stomach,
then sphincter constricts to retain food
GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) - correct answer-A digestive disease in
which stomach acid or bile irritates the food pipe lining.
Digestion in the Mouth and Esophagus - correct answer-Key enzymes for chemical
digestion:
1. Amylase
2. Lipase
3. Trypsin and pepsin
-not much chemical change in mouth because food does not stay long
-mouth is preparatory stage to get food ready for stomach
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Williams Basic Nutrition And Diet

Therapy Chapter 5 Digestion,

Absorption, And Metabolism Test With

All Answers

Digestion and the Digestive Organs - correct answer-Food must change into simpler substances to be absorbed and sustain life. -Through mechanical and chemical digestion, food breaks down to nutrients to be used for the body's nutritional value via digestion, absorption, and metabolism. -Each part of the gastrointestinal (GI) system performs the mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods: Mouth, Stomach, and small and large intestine Digestion - correct answer-food is broken down in the GI tract to release nutrients in forms that the body can absorb Absorption - correct answer-cells that line the GI tract "take in" nutrients Transport - correct answer-movement of nutrients through the circulatory system from one area of the body to another Metabolism - correct answer-all of the changes in the cell that produce material for energy, tissue building, and metabolic controls Assessory Organs in digestion - correct answer-liver, pancreas, and gallbladder Mechanical Digestion -muscles and nerves - correct answer--Mastication = biting and chewing to break down food -food swallowed and passes down esophagus via peristaltic waves -muscles at tongue base facilitate swallowing process -Gastroesophageal sphincter at entrance to stomach relaxes; food entered stomach, then sphincter constricts to retain food GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) - correct answer-A digestive disease in which stomach acid or bile irritates the food pipe lining. Digestion in the Mouth and Esophagus - correct answer-Key enzymes for chemical digestion:

  1. Amylase
  2. Lipase
  3. Trypsin and pepsin -not much chemical change in mouth because food does not stay long -mouth is preparatory stage to get food ready for stomach

Define Food Bolus - correct answer--lump of food material -Bolus aided by salivary mucus to bind food particles to move to stomach -volume amount Amylase - correct answer-starch splitting enzyme Lipase - correct answer-fat splitting enzyme Trypsin and Pepsin - correct answer-protein splitting enzyme Digestion in the stomach - correct answer-Proteins are digested in stomach and small intestine Food churns and breaks food into smaller pieces and mixes with enzymes and acids Food turned into semi-liquid called chyme. Digestion in the stomach (continued) Identify and Define Mechanical Digestion in the stomach - correct answer-- Gastroesophageal sphincter allows food to enter fundus, or the upper part of the stomach -Stomach muscles knead, store, mix, and propel food mass forward -by the time food mass gets to antrum, lower part of the stomach, it is a semiliquid acid/food mix called chyme. -Pyloric valve releases chyme into the duodenum, or 1st part of the small intestine Digestion in the stomach (continued) Chemical Digestion - correct answer-Hydrochloric acid (HCL): allows acidity for gastric enzymes to work -Mucus: protects stomach lining from HCL and also binds the food mass to move it along -Enzyme: pepsin, a protein splitting enzyme, activated by HCL Digestion in the small intestine -Identify and Define Mechanical Digestion in the small intestine - correct answer-- parts of small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) -majority of food is digested and absorbed in small intestine -peristaltic waves push food forward -GI musculature stirs, chops, mixes Chyme -surface villi also stir and mix chyme to expose nutrients for absorption Digestion in the small protein Chemical digestion: Pancreatic Enzymes in Small Intestine - correct answer-CHO- amylase coverts starch to maltose and sucrose -Protein: Trypsin splits protein into amino acids -Fat: lipase converts fat to glycerides and fatty acids Digestion in the small intestine