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WILLIAMS BASIC NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY FINAL TEST WITH ALL ANSWERS UPDATED.
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How often should you eat meals when suffering from dumping syndrome?-correct answer-small frequent meals What types of food should be included in every meal when suffering from dumping syndrome?-correct answer-protein and fat What should be avoided when suffering from dumping syndrome?-correct answer- concentrated sugars When should you consume liquids when suffering from dumping syndrome?-correct answer-1 hour before or after eating-correct answer- What is the goal of nutrition therapy in anorexia?-correct answer-stimulate appetite to maintain adequate nutritional intake How should food be seasoned when suffering from anorexia?-correct answer- according to individual taste Should meals be large and spaced or small and frequent with anorexia?-correct answer-small and frequent How should liquids be given with meals in anorexia?-correct answer-30 minutes before and after meals What should be limited in an anorexia diet-correct answer-fat because it contributes to early satiety What are some ways to help GERD?-correct answer-weight loss, raising the head of the bed when sleeping, and laying on your left side Which type of diarrhea occurs when there is an increase in particles in the intestine that draws in water?-correct answer-osmotic What are some causes of osmotic diarrhea?-correct answer-maldigestion of nutrients, excessive intake of sorbitol or fructose, dumping syndrome, tube feedings and some laxatives What type of diarrhea is present in lactorse intolerance?-correct answer-osmotic
What type of diarrhea is related to an excessive secretion of fluid and electrolytes in teh intestines?-correct answer-secretory What causes secretory diarrhea?-correct answer-infection, medication, GI disorders, excessive bile acids or unabsorbed fatty acids in the color How is secretory diarrhea treated?-correct answer-antibiotics (if cause is infectious) True or false secretory diarrhea has to do with the bowel rather than the food your taking in-correct answer-True What type of foods are encouraged with diarrhea?-correct answer-high-potassium foods What foods should be avoied during diarrhea?-correct answer-clear liquids because tof their high osmolality content What produces bloating, cramping and flatulence in lactose intolerance?-correct answer-lactose being fermented in the colon True or False: Undigested lactose decreases the osmolality of the intestinal conents?-correct answer-False: it increases osmolality True or False: Chocolate milk is usually better tolerated than plain milk-correct answer-True What is a genetic autoimmune disorer characterized by chronic inflammation of the proximal small intestine mucosa?-correct answer-Celiac disease What are the 3 foods containing proteins unable to be digested in Celiac disease?- correct answer-wheat, barley, and rye What are some symptoms of celiac disease?-correct answer-diarrhea, abdominal distention and failure to thrive True or False: the main symptom of celiac disease is dermatitis herpetiformis-correct answer-True Who is at the highest risk for developing celiac disease?-correct answer-people with a first-degree relative, down syndrome, and those with an autoimmune disease Untreated celiac disease increases the risk of what diseases?-correct answer-small- bowel cancer, T cell lymphoma What commonly occurs secondary to celiac disease?-correct answer-lactose intolerance What do illeostomies cause a decrease in?-correct answer-fat, bile acid, and vitamin B12 absorption
How much Potassium is recommended to be consumed by people following the dASH diet?-correct answer-4.7g/da Does alcohol affect blood pressure?-correct answer-Yes-limit to 2 drinks a day for men and 1 for women What are the risk factors that cannot be modified for CHD?-correct answer-Genetics, Gender (Male), advancing age What is considered a good LDL cholesterol?-correct answer-below 100 What is considered a good HDL score?-correct answer-above 60 Increasing levels of ____ increas the risk of developing CVD?-correct answer-LDL What is considered high cholesterol?-correct answer-anything over 240 Are fruits and vegetables succesful in preventing CVD?-correct answer-People who consume a high intake are at a lower risk What 2 foods are associated with a decreased risk of CVD?-correct answer-whole grains and fatty fish What can be used to help lower LDL levels up to 15%?-correct answer-plant sterols What substances does the kidney excrete?-correct answer-water, nitrogenous waste, electrolytes, sulfates, organic acids, toxic substances, & drugs What are 3 functions of the kidney-correct answer--regulate acid-base balance -BP regulation -metabolism of calcium and phosphorus What is a kidney disorder characterized by urinary protein losses greater than 3. g/d-correct answer-Nephrotic syndrome What are the symptoms associated with nephrotic syndrome?-correct answer- Proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, edem For stages 1-4 and hemodialysis what is the recommended intake of sodium?- correct answer-1,000-3,000 mg/day What is the recommended intake of fluid in stage 1-4?-correct answer-fluid is unrestricted For people on hemodialysis what does the fluid allowance equal?-correct answer- Volume of any urine prodced plus 1,000 mL As kidney function deteriorates what 2 vitamins should be restricted?-correct answer-Phosphorus and Calcium
HIn stages 1-4 what should calcium be limited to?-correct answer-1,000-1, mg/day Where is phosphorus found and how does this effect dietary restrictions of renal failure?-correct answer-Found in protein-must limit protein In stages 1-4 of CKD what is the recommended daily protein intake?-correct answer-.6-.75g/kg What happens to protein allowences in stage 5 of CKD?-correct answer-increases to 50% higher than the RDA How should calorie intake be adjusted to accound for CKD?-correct answer- consume adequate calories to spare protein from being used What is the recommended intake of calories/kg for patients with CKD??-correct answer-35cal/kg True or False: Patients should not gain more than 3 pounds a day between dialysis to make sure the body isn't retaining fluid-correct answer-False: not more than 2 pounds Limit the intake of what vitamins to reduce risk of kindey stones-correct answer- oxalate, calcium, protein and sodium Some of the strongest links to cancer risk are :-correct answer-excess body weight and physical inactivity What is the loss of lean body mass and weight loss called?-correct answer-cachexia What are the goals of Nutrition therapy in cachexia?-correct answer-preserve lean muscle mass and fat stores -improve quality of life After surgical treatment for cancer what nutritional requirements increase?-correct answer-protein, calories, vitamin C, B vitamins, and iron When is a cancer patient eligible for enteral nutrition?-correct answer-weight is less than 80% of ideal How much should asymptomatic patients with HIV increase their calories?-correct answer-increased by 10% How much should calories be increased in symptomatic HIV?-correct answer- increase by 20-30% above normal How many calories/kg are reccommended for stable HIV patients?-correct answer- 37 to 45 cal/kg How many calories/kg are recommended if the client with HIV has an infection?- correct answer-45cal/kg