WILLIAMS BASIC NUTRITION,
CHAPTER 20 DIABETES MELLITUS
TEST WITH THE CORRECT ANSWERS
glycemic control - correct answer-management of appropriate blood glucose levels
insulin - correct answer-a hormone that is produced by the pancreas, attaches to
insulin receptors on cell membranes, and allows the absorption of glucose into the
cell
hyperglycemia - correct answer-an elevated blood glucose level
type 1 diabetes mellitus - correct answer-5-10% of all cases; more unstable;
develops rapidly; caused by autoimmune destruction
type 2 diabetes mellitus - correct answer-90-95% of all cases; associated with
lifestyle and environment
exogenous - correct answer-originating from outside the body
macrosomia - correct answer-excessive foetal growth resulting in an abnormally
large infant; high risk of perinatal death
postprandial - correct answer-after eating
Cushing's syndrome - correct answer-excess secretion of glucocorticoids from the
adrenal cortex; protein loss, obesity, fatigue, osteoporosis, edema, excess hair,
diabetes, skin discoloration
pheochromocytoma - correct answer-a tumor of the adrenal medulla or sympathetic
nervous system
aldosteronoma - correct answer-excess secretion of aldosterone fro the adrenal
cortex
ketoacidosis - correct answer-excess production of ketones; occurs with uncontrolled
diabetes
GLUT4 - correct answer-an insulin-related protein that is responsible for glucose
transport into cells
