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WILLIAMS BASIC NUTRITION, CHAPTER 20 DIABETES MELLITUS TEST WITH THE CORRECT ANSWERS.
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glycemic control - correct answer-management of appropriate blood glucose levels insulin - correct answer-a hormone that is produced by the pancreas, attaches to insulin receptors on cell membranes, and allows the absorption of glucose into the cell hyperglycemia - correct answer-an elevated blood glucose level type 1 diabetes mellitus - correct answer-5-10% of all cases; more unstable; develops rapidly; caused by autoimmune destruction type 2 diabetes mellitus - correct answer-90-95% of all cases; associated with lifestyle and environment exogenous - correct answer-originating from outside the body macrosomia - correct answer-excessive foetal growth resulting in an abnormally large infant; high risk of perinatal death postprandial - correct answer-after eating Cushing's syndrome - correct answer-excess secretion of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex; protein loss, obesity, fatigue, osteoporosis, edema, excess hair, diabetes, skin discoloration pheochromocytoma - correct answer-a tumor of the adrenal medulla or sympathetic nervous system aldosteronoma - correct answer-excess secretion of aldosterone fro the adrenal cortex ketoacidosis - correct answer-excess production of ketones; occurs with uncontrolled diabetes GLUT4 - correct answer-an insulin-related protein that is responsible for glucose transport into cells
(MNT) medical nutrition therapy for diabetes - correct answer-DASH diet would be appropriate, nutrition dense, portion control, maintain healthy weight and blood glucose, individualized plan, exercise and weight control - correct answer-important to diabetes control as they relate to cellular uptake of glucose acceptable macronutrient distribution range (DRI's) - correct answer-45-65% carbs; 20-35% fat; 10-35% protein monitering carb levels/diabetes - correct answer-key for maintaining glycemic control fat/diabetes - correct answer-omega 3, fish 3X/weekly decrease energy intake - correct answer-type1 no; type 2 yes if obese increase frequency of intake - correct answer-type 1 sometimes; type 2 usually no regular daily macronutrient intake - correct answer-type 1 very important; type 2 yes plan daily ratios of nutrition - correct answer-tyle1 desirable; type 2 yes use extra planned food to treat or prevent hypoglycemia - correct answer-type 1 very important; type 2 usually not necessary planned eating times - correct answer-type 1 very important; type 2 yes extra food for unusual exercise - correct answer-type 1 yes; type 2 usually not necessary additional carbs during illness - correct answer-type 1 important; type 2 usually not necessary use of alcohol - correct answer-lowers blood glucose level, must be planned for; a person with type 1 should drink slowly type 1 persons - correct answer-should always carry convenient form of suger insulin hormone - correct answer-responsible for promoting uptake of amino acid by skeletal muscle learning portion sizes - correct answer-a strategy that can assist individual with type 2 one serving of bread - correct answer-15 exchange carbs