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WINDOW AND WINDOW TREATMENT
Window has four practical functions. They admit air, light, vision andpeople to varying degrees. Their design may hide, improved, or accentuated by treatment such as curtains, draperies shades and so on. STRUCTURE OF A WINDOW The component part of a typical window is shown in figure. Window consist of a wooden frame around the type and top edges and this fixed part of window is called a casement or frame. it is designed to hold the sash which is a wood or metal frame that hold the glass and is usually movable. the sills form the base of the window on which the casement rest. The strip of wood sometimes placed underneath the sill for support is called the apron.
SINGLE WINDOW a single window is a window with a single frame, it open either inside or outside. DOUBLE SASHED WINDOW this type of window has a sash that can be pushed up and down. Since the part with the glass pane is only half the size of the window frame half of the window will always be left open. This window must be placed such that robbers do not have easy access to it. MULLION WINDOW these really consist of a series of window. Each window can be treated as a separate unit or unified into a single design. CASEMENT WINDOW these are most common type of windows. These window panes are two in halves that open out ward of the frame. They are very good for illuminating a room naturally as they offer least obstruction to light. PIVOT WINDOW they are made up of several glass panes set in a wood work or metal frame. They are typically used for cross ventilation purpose. Such a window may have one pane that pivots to the side or they may allbe fixed. They provide very good light and ventilation. SASH WINDOW they are also called double hung window. they consist of two glass panes both of which may be opened independently. GROOVE TOP WINDOWS these are really made of two window panes that can slide across each other. SEMI CIRCULAR RIBBED WINDOW these are typically found on top of a doorway or a large rectangular window. They are used for decorations and cross ventilation. FRENCH WINDOW they are also called French doors. They open out into balconies or patios. For a softer touch, a traditional drapery treatment may be given to these windows but the rods must extend beyond the frame so that the draperies can be drawn out of the way of the opening. CORNER WINDOWS two identical windows on two adjacent walls meet at a corner in this type. Corner windows can be treated as one unit or function
separately. Drapes or vertical blinds should preferably be drawn toward the outside to let maximum light whenever needed. BAY WINDOW these are three dimensional windows made by placing windows on three walls that meet to form an alcove protruding outwards. These are usually large and gives walls an illusion of spaciousness. PICTURE WINDOW these are large paned fixed windows facing a pictures view. RANCH WINDOWS these are high windows set above eye level. They are providing basically to let light in. AWNING these are windows that are hinged at the top and open upwards at an angle. PALLADIAN WINDOWS these are windows with an arched tops. To treat such shapely windows flow with the curve or bend with the angle or best of all leave them untreated. Different DALHOUSIES these are windows provided with plantation style shutters. DORMER WINDOWS they are provided in attics under slanting gabled roof mainly to illuminate the rooms towards the middle of the building. SKYLIGHTS these are windows in the ceiling. They are basically there to allow in sunlight. They are left untreated. In cases some treatment is required, custom made, remote controlled, shades are best.
PLEATEX BLINDS: they are made from stronger paper than balusters and have smaller pleats. The paper gives privacy but let sunlight through which is filtered and tinned the colour of the paper. The four most common colour are orange green blue and parchment (natural). AUSTRIAN BLINDS: these are ruched fabric. They may be used partially raised and when fully raised they form a decorative pelmet. They are used in banquet halls and large lobbies for a sumptuous effect. B) SHADES Shades may be of following type: BAMBOO AND WOOD WOOVEN SHADES: these were once considered rustic and informal. They are available in different weaves now a day. Slatted shades have an advantage in that they let through some light andair and allows outward only visibility in the day time. They block the inward view at the same time depending upon the tightness of weave or the size of slats. It should be remembered that this one way vision is reversed at night when indoor lights are on FABRIC ROLLER SHADES: these are inexpensive and can be flexibly adjusted to cover as much of window as required at a particular time. These shades are available in many shades colour, texture, pattern although neutral white or off white fairly smooth fabric are the standards. Provenance roman shades- this is a broad list of hard window treatment. There are new styles coming out all the time. Hard treatments are available as stock items found in home improvement stores, or can be custom made to order. Stock merchandise comes in standard sizes, and custom made treatments can be made in any size. Window shades- shades are a piece of fabric which rolls, stacks or folds, opening to a view only when the shade is rolled up. Though there are now certain shades that do allow you to see out to the view. Below are two examples of window shades, the first is a cellular shade which stacks up in
a small pleats, and the second example is of some Provenance woven roman shades from Hunger Douglas that I did for a client home.
- SHUTTERS – A window shutter is a solid and stable window covering usually consisting of a frame of vertical stiles and horizontal rails. Set within this frame can be louvers, solid panels, fabric, glass and almost any other item that can be mounted within a frame. Shutters may be employed for a variety of reasons, including controlling the amount of sunlight that enters a room, to provide privacy, security etc.
- SCREENS These are in the form of hard board panels with cut out panels of fabric stretched across the wooden frame. These are now tracks that allow screens to be moved to one side one when an unrestricted view is desired. The most popular screens now a days are shoji screens. SHOJI screens are traditional Japanese screens for which modern interior have a natural affinity. They were originally made of rice paper mounted on a wooden frame coated with black lacquer but they are now available in translucent plastic material. SOFT WINDOW TREATMENT Soft window treatment comprises curtain, valence, swags etc. curtain often contribute more to the atmosphere to the room than any other item of furnishing. Plain heavy curtain falling down on the floor can be used to create formal setting. Apart from creating desired atmosphere curtain gives flexible control over privacy, heat, light, and to some extent noise. Curtain fulfil several important functions: They give flexible control over privacy, heat and light. They soak up noise in proportion to the area they cover the thickness of the fabric and the depths of the fold. They can add colour and pattern to décor.
TIE BACKS- either one panel can be tied back to one side or both the panels can be tied back to the two sides. FRENCH CAFÉ CURTAIN: these cover only the lower part of the window with the casing slipped over a tension rod mounted in the window frame. They provide privacy at one level and light at another. These are ideal for informal settings. COTTAGE CURTAINS: these are a combination of the café curtain and tie back styles. TIER CURTAINS: these are double decker café curtains. ROLL UPS: these are shades made up of sturdy fabrics and lined with contrasting fabrics. The shades can be rolled and unrolled to the desired position and held in place by means of a sash. When rolled up the contrast coloured lighting and top fabric are shown off together. FOLD BACKS: these are made up of set of two double sided shades hung across the entire width of the window on double curtain rods. They are then folded back to expose the contrasting under panels and panel is tied back.
CURTAINS HEADINGS AND ACCESSORIES-
- PELMETS AND CORNICES: cornices are box like shapes used at the top horizontal portion of the drapery treatment to hide the poles and other hard ware. They are generally 4 to 7 inches deep. The width of cornice of a cornice should be a little less than one eighth of the overall length drapery. They may be of wood plastic or mirrored glass. Wooden cornices may be finished in their natural colour painted in some other colour or covered with cloth, cork, leather. Sometimes the covering is covered in brass nails.
- VALENCE: these are made of fabrics that have been pleated, scalloped, or ruffled. They should never exceed one sixth of the windows height and should be about 8 to 12 in inches in depth. The width of lambrequins should about a seventh of the length of floor length drapery.
- SWAGS AND CASCADES: swags are decorative drapery treatment meant to hide the curtains headings and usually taper to a cascade. Theseloop and fall luxuriously over a curtain pole ending in elaborate tale. Headings of these types are appropriate for large formal room with highceilings. They tend to look so heavy in small or average sized room. Thedepth of the swag at the center after it has been draped should be aboutone seventh of the drapery length or one seventh of the drapery length or one seventh of the distance between the top of the frame and the floor. The width of the cascade at the top should coincide with the width of the drapery when hung. The length of the cascade should 2 to 3 inches its finished width.
- DRAPERY CRANES: these are appropriate hard ware to use where installation have to be flexible. On French windows or swinging casement windows this type of drapery rods with its hinged bracket allow the free edge to swing away from the door or window with the casement.
MEASUREMENTS AND INSTALLATION OF DRAPES: install all hardware before measuring for furnishing. Drapes should fit the supporting rather than the window. Use a steel measuring tape for accurate rates. Two basic measurement are necessary to estimate the drapery yardage finished length and finished width. To measure the yardage requirement multiply the finished length with the number of panels. FINISHED LENGTH: standard choices for finished length are sash sill apron and floor length. Measure from the top of the rodto place where hemwill fall for a floor length style reduce this by half an inch to clear the floor
