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Word Identification (TExES 293/STR)
Already Passed
Consonant Digraph ✔✔two consonants that make a single consonant sound when together in a word
Graphophonic Cue ✔✔Use of letter sounds and spelling patterns to decipher new words
Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS) ✔✔The state foundation curriculum developed by the State Board of Education, that requires all students to demonstrate the knowledge and skills necessary to read, write, compute, problem solve, think critically, apply technology, and communicate across all subject areas
Long Vowel ✔✔When a vowel sounds like its name, this is called a long vowel sound.
Decoding ✔✔In reading out loud, being able to sound out words by breaking them into simple forms. In reading for comprehension, the understanding of how to read each letter or letter pattern in a word to determine the word's meaning
Morphology ✔✔The study of forms of words, including affixes, roots, stems, and parts of speech.
Synthetic Phonics Approach ✔✔an accelerated approach to phonics instruction that explicitly teaches how to convert letters into sounds (phonemes) and then blend the sounds to form words.
Cognates ✔✔Words in two languages that share a similar meaning, spelling, and pronunciation.
Decodable Word ✔✔words that follow common letter/sound correspondence rules and can be "sounded out"
Sight Word ✔✔word that cannot be decoded because it doesn't follow standard phonics rules and must be recognized by sight
Sight Word Instruction ✔✔the approach taken when teaching high frequency, often irregular words to early readers
Phonics / Graphophonemic Principle ✔✔Using the relationship between symbols (letters and words) and sounds of a language to read and write
R-Controlled Vowel ✔✔a vowel followed by the letter r where the "r" that doesn't make its normal short or long sound
Grapheme ✔✔A symbol, letter, or the combination of letters that represents a single sound.
Word Families ✔✔a group of words with a shared ending letter group/sound
Word Analysis ✔✔breaking down words into morphemes, or the smallest units of meaning
Whole Word Reading ✔✔reading a word by sight, without attempting to decode it
Phoneme ✔✔the smallest individual sounds in a word
Root ✔✔Base words to which prefixes, suffixes, and syllables can be added
Vowel Digraph ✔✔two vowels that make a single vowel sound when together in a word, also known as "vowel teams"
Inflectional Affix ✔✔an affix that changes the form of the root or base word
Syntactic Cue ✔✔Use of a sentence or paragraph's grammar to comprehend a text
Structural / Morphemic Analysis ✔✔breaking up a word and using the recognizable pieces to help in decoding
Semantic Cue ✔✔Use of word, symbol, or speech meanings to comprehend a text
Affix ✔✔A letter or letters that change a root word's meaning
Short Vowel ✔✔the sound that most often corresponds to a vowel when the vowel occurs individually between consonants
Phonemic Awareness / Sound Awareness ✔✔the ability to hear, identify, and re-create individual sounds in spoken words
Consonant Blend ✔✔two or more consonants that blend together when decoded, but each retains its own sound
Morpheme ✔✔A combination of sounds that has meaning in speech or writing and cannot be divided into smaller grammatical parts. This includes prefixes and suffixes.
Language Transfer ✔✔process that occurs when students who are learning a new language transfer knowledge from L1 to L
Automaticity ✔✔the ability to read words effortlessly
Phoneme Blending ✔✔the ability to blend two sounds to make a word
Encode ✔✔using individual sounds to spell a word
