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Worksheet: Acid Base Properties Chart and Reactions, Exercises of Chemistry

Fisk UniversityChemistry

Review worksheet with 10 problems and solution key

Typology: Exercises

2020/2021

Uploaded on 03/30/2021

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rubytuesday 🇺🇸

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Acids and Bases AKS Review
AKS Correlation
14. Analyze properties that describe solutions and the behavior of acids and bases.
14b. Compare, contrast and evaluate the nature and behavior of acids and bases in terms of Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry
acids/bases, strong vs. weak acids/bases in terms of percent dissociation and conductivity, hydronium ion
concentration, pH, and acid-base neutralization.
14c. Classify common substances as acid, base, or neutral based on chemical properties.
1. Examine the list of physical and chemical properties in the chart below. Decide if that property describes an
acid, base, both, or neither by placing a check in the column that the physical or chemical property matches.
You can have more than one check by a property or no checks by a property!
Property
Acid
Base
tastes sour
x
tastes bitter
x
pH > 7
x
PH < 7
x
good conductors of electricity
x
x
turns blue litmus red
x
turns red litmus blue
x
reactants in neutralization
x
x
turns pink in the presence of phenolphthalein
x
donates H+ ions
x
accepts H+ ions
x
contains OH- ions
x
contains H+ ions
x
reacts with metals and carbonates
x
dissolves in water to form aqueous solutions
x
x
corrosive
x
alkaline
x
commonly used as cleaning agents
x
contains more OH- ions than H+ ions
x
contains more H+ ions than OH- ions
x
associated with hydronium (H3O+) ions
x
2. Fill in the chart below with the different views on acids and bases according to Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry.
Arrhenius
Bronsted-Lowry
Acids
In water H+ or H3O+ form
Donates H+ ions
Bases
In water OH- form
Accept H+ ions
3. (a) What does dissociation mean?
Ionic compounds separate into ions; usually when dissolved in water
(b) What is the percent dissociation of a strong acid or base compared to a weak acid or base?
Strong = 100% dissociation weak = less than 100% dissociation = 50% or 20%
(c) Write the dissociation products for:
a. water b. nitric acid HN03 c. calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2
H+ + OH- H+ + NO3- Ca+ + 2OH-
4. Identify the conjugate acid-base pairs in the following equations:
a. HF + H2O H3O+ + F– b. NH3 + H2O NH4+ + OH-
A B CA CB B A CA CB
pf2

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Download Worksheet: Acid Base Properties Chart and Reactions and more Exercises Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity!

Acids and Bases AKS Review AKS Correlation

  1. Analyze properties that describe solutions and the behavior of acids and bases. 14b. Compare, contrast and evaluate the nature and behavior of acids and bases in terms of Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry acids/bases, strong vs. weak acids/bases in terms of percent dissociation and conductivity, hydronium ion concentration, pH, and acid-base neutralization. 14c. Classify common substances as acid, base, or neutral based on chemical properties.
  2. Examine the list of physical and chemical properties in the chart below. Decide if that property describes an acid, base, both, or neither by placing a check in the column that the physical or chemical property matches. You can have more than one check by a property or no checks by a property! Property Acid Base tastes sour x tastes bitter x pH > 7 x PH < 7 x good conductors of electricity x x turns blue litmus red x turns red litmus blue x reactants in neutralization x x turns pink in the presence of phenolphthalein x donates H+^ ions x accepts H+^ ions x contains OH-^ ions x contains H+^ ions x reacts with metals and carbonates x dissolves in water to form aqueous solutions x x corrosive x alkaline x commonly used as cleaning agents x contains more OH-^ ions than H+^ ions x contains more H+^ ions than OH-^ ions x associated with hydronium (H 3 O+) ions x
  3. Fill in the chart below with the different views on acids and bases according to Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry. Arrhenius Bronsted-Lowry Acids In water H+^ or H 3 O+^ form^ Donates H+^ ions

Bases In water OH-^ form^ Accept H+^ ions

  1. (a) What does dissociation mean? Ionic compounds separate into ions; usually when dissolved in water (b) What is the percent dissociation of a strong acid or base compared to a weak acid or base? Strong = 100% dissociation weak = less than 100% dissociation = 50% or 20% (c) Write the dissociation products for: a. water b. nitric acid HN0 3 c. calcium hydroxide Ca(OH) 2 H+^ + OH-^ H+^ + NO 3 -^ Ca+^ + 2OH-
  2. Identify the conjugate acid-base pairs in the following equations: a. HF + H 2 O  H 3 O+^ + F–^ b. NH 3 + H 2 O  NH 4 +^ + OH- A B CA CB B A CA CB
  1. (a) What does electrolyte mean? A substance that ionizes in solution as a result of its solvation so that it conducts electricity.

(b) Explain why strong acids and bases are better electrolytes (conductors) than weak acids and bases. Strong Acids and bases fully dissociates in water, so they form more ions in solution and form better electrolytes.

  1. (a) Write a general equation for a neutralization reaction using words. Acid added to a base—or vice-versa—yields a salt—of the Acid’s anion and the Base’s cation—and water.

(b) Write a general equation for a neutralization reaction using symbols. AcidC + DBaseDC (salt, aq.) + H 2 O (c) Write an equation for a neutralization reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium hydroxide – label the acid, the base, the salt and the water. 2 HCl + Ca(OH) 2CaCl 2 (aq) + 2 H 2 O (d) What two products always form in a neutralization reaction? Salt and Water (e) What type of chemical reaction is a neutralization reaction (i.e. synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, or combustion)? Double Displacement

  1. Label the location of acids, bases, and neutral substances on this pH scale

Type Acid^ N^ Base pH (^0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 )

  1. Examine the data in the following table to determine whether the substance is an acid, base, or neutral. If the substance is already identified as an acid, base, or neutral, then fill in the data you would expect to find if you tested it in lab.

Substance

Red Litmus

Blue Litmus

Reaction with Phenolphthalein

Acid, Base, or Neutral? Unknown A stays red turns red stays clear Acid

Unknown B Stays red Stays blue Stays clear neutral

Unknown C turns blue stays blue turns pink Base

  1. Write the complete balanced equations for these acid-base neutralization reactions. Give the names of the salts produced.

a. H 2 SO 4 (aq) + 2 KOH(aq) → K 2 SO 4 (aq.) + 2 HOH b. HCl(aq) + LiOH(aq) → LiCl (aq.) + H 2 O

  1. Classify each of these as an acid, a base or a salt a. Mg(OH) 2 ___ _Base ___ b. NaBr ____ Salt _____ c. NaOH _____ Base _____ d. HC 2 H 3 O 2 _____ Acid ____ e. NH 3 _______ Base ______ f. HBr _______ Acid ______