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Worksheet Gene Expression and Regulation, Exercises of Genetics

Cameron University (CU)Genetics

Gene expression and regulation exercise for students at The University of Western Australia.

Typology: Exercises

2020/2021

Uploaded on 04/20/2021

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Gene expression and regulation
Watch the animation Gene regulation and answer the following questions.
Gene expression and regulation
1. What is gene expression?
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2. What is gene regulation?
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3. Name three things gene regulation allows cells to do.
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Gene regulation and cell differentiation
4. Your skin cell and nerve cells have the same DNA but the structure and function of these cells are
different. Explain why these cells differ.
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Download Worksheet Gene Expression and Regulation and more Exercises Genetics in PDF only on Docsity!

Gene expression and regulation

Watch the animation Gene regulation and answer the following questions.

Gene expression and regulation

  1. What is gene expression? ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................
  2. What is gene regulation? ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................
  3. Name three things gene regulation allows cells to do. ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................

Gene regulation and cell differentiation

  1. Your skin cell and nerve cells have the same DNA but the structure and function of these cells are different. Explain why these cells differ.
  1. Which cell type below expresses the gene that codes for the protein myosin? (myosin is a protein responsible for muscle contraction)
  1. Housekeeping genes are found in most cells. Products of these genes are essential for basic cellfunctioning, such as cellular respiration. Are housekeeping genes always expressed, never expressed, or sometimes expressed? ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................
  2. What triggers gene expression? ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................
  3. In eukaryotic cells the default position of most genes is ‘off’, (they’re not expressed). Explainwhy.
  1. What is a transcription factor, and what is its role in gene expression? ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................
  2. What do regulating proteins recognise along sequences of DNA/RNA? ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................

Splicing

  1. What is splicing? Why is it important?
  1. Alternative splicing results in a single gene making a variety of protein products. This increasescellular efficiency, as less genetic material is required to code for the thousands of proteins cells need. Use the image below to explain the process of alternative splicing.

Translation regulation

  1. The diagram below shows the first stage of translation: initiation. The assembled molecules and nucleotide sequences are essential for translation initiation. List the molecules involved and their role in this process.
  1. Mutations in gene regulating molecules and sequences can also disrupt gene expression. The diagram below shows a mutation in the promoter region of a gene, which has resulted in a change to the nucleotide sequence. Describe what might happen to expression of this gene as aresult of this mutation.
  1. If gene regulation breaks down within cells due to DNA mutations or production of faulty proteins,this can result in diseases, such as cancer. Cancer is characterised by continual cell division and growth. Consider what you’ve learned about regulation of gene expression, and describe whatmay be happening within a cell that’s become cancerous. ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................