Worksheet Key for Introduction to Acids and Bases, Exercises of Chemistry

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Brensted -Lowery is different than Aithenius because an acid or a base des nat have ta tam Intoduetion to Acids & Bases . nome KEN — Date Part 1: Basic Information about Acids and Bases Ht //www., .org/chemist/acidbase.htm! Classify ds an acid or a base 1. Taste bitter base 2. Taste Sour acid 3. Feelssimyorsippey_ BASE 4. Tumsitmus poper bue__ PASE 5. Turns litmus paper red ___ au a 4 Sea eeiogen aerchentmecithaonnein_ TA. __ Part 2: Acids and Bases in everyday use Complete these paragraphs by filling in or circling the appropriate information based on the information that you know about acids and bases. You may have to use google to find the answers, When most people think of chemistry the first terms that come to mind are acids and bases. Many of the chemicals that people run across have some connection to acids and bases. For instance many people take medicine every day to cure heart burn. These medicines are {acids/bases). One of these comes in a blve bottle and jsknown as ‘'Dr. Ma The cgyamon name for this is Mik Of Magnesia the chemical name is i MORI fica formula is__M a0 2. Another product claims thal it ivbetter for us te use because it contains calciumsSo in addition to helping relieve the heartbum, it also provides us with needed calcium. This products called Tums and its chemical name is _CAICA AW and O carbonate its chemical tormulais__ SACO, common name of “lye” the chemical name is Nad Ht this chemical is more di erous than the ones used for heartburn and can cause =(etteg) or burns. (AcidsBasespare also commonly used to formula is produce soaps and have a jour) laste. Seltzer water and all sodas contan a very mitd((acidJoase) known os COW bon_ ad issolving carbon dioxide in water. The chemical formula for this substance is Vinegar is a(n} (acid/base) finds its way into our diet in ketchup and most __. the chemical formula for This (gr cd by salad dressings. the chemical name for vinegar is this substance is r acid Part 3: Arrhenius definition of an acid or base htip://facultyte salisbury .edu/dirieck/ntdocs/212/rev/acidbase/orrheniys htm The Arhenius definition of acids and bases is one of the oldest. An Arrhenius acid is 0 substance that when added to water increases the concentration of Ht ions present. The chemical formulas of Arrhenius acids are writen with the acidic hydrogens first. An Amhenius base is a substance that when added to water increases the concentration of OH ‘ons present HClis an example of an Arhenius acid and NaOH is an example of an Arrhenius base HEL >HY + Cl NaOH -» Nat + OH Classify he following as an acid or base using the Arrhenius definition of an acid or bese. + 7. HNOsison Anhenus ACL _ and increases tne concentration of He when added to water. - 8 KOH ison Anhenius \WASE _ andincteases tiie concentration of OH_ when added to waler. _ 9. CalOH}sisan arhenivs BASE and increases the concentration of oO ne when added 10 water. A 4 10. H2SO«is an Arrhenius CE AL _andincreases the concentration of when added to water. Part 4: Bronsted -Lowry Definition of an acid or base nlip://facultytp salisoury.edu/dirieck/hidocs/212/rev/acidbase/Bronsthim A Bronsted -Lowry acid is defined as anything that donates Ht" ions; a Bransted -Lowry base is defined as anything that accepts H° ions. This definition includes all Arrhenius acids and bases bul, as you will soon see, it is a bit more general. The Bransted -Lowry concept is based on the transfer of a proton (H*) from one substance to another. Look al Ihe example below: NH3 + H2O*-> NHa + OH @& , ® ~~ Xe NH, 4,0 NH, OH Ammonia Water Ammonium ion Hydroxide ion NHb accepts a proton or H" so it is classified as a base. H2O donales a proton or H' so it is classified as an acid,