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Zenoss Core

Installation and Upgrade

Release 4.2.

Zenoss, Inc.

www.zenoss.com

Zenoss Core Installation and Upgrade

Copyright © 2014 Zenoss, Inc., 11305 Four Points Drive, Bldg 1 - Suite 300, Austin, Texas 78726, U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Zenoss and the Zenoss logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Zenoss, Inc. in the United States and other countries. All other trademarks, logos, and service marks are the property of Zenoss or other third parties. Use of these marks is prohibited without the express written consent of Zenoss, Inc. or the third-party owner.

Flash is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.

Java, MySQL, Oracle, and the Oracle logo are registered trademarks of the Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates.

Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds.

RabbitMQ is a trademark of VMware, Inc.

Red Hat and Red Hat Enterprise Linux are registered trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., in the U.S. and other countries.

SNMP Informant is a trademark of Garth K. Williams (Informant Systems, Inc.).

Sybase is a registered trademark of Sybase, Inc.

Tomcat is a trademark of the Apache Software Foundation.

Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries.

All other companies and products mentioned are trademarks and property of their respective owners.

Part Number: 01-042014-4.2-v

Chapter 1. Installation Considerations

Read the following sections to learn more about installation requirements for Zenoss Core.

1.1. Which Installation Should You Choose?

Zenoss Core provides these categories of artifacts for a fresh deployment:

Table 1.1. Installation Types

Artifact Notes Chapters RPM (*.rpm) Standard RPM installation. Requires a Red Hat® Enterprise Linux® (RHEL) or Community ENTerprise Operating Sys- tem (CentOS)-based Linux installation, and MySQL.

"Installing on RHEL or CentOS"

Appliance RPM installation on top of a minimal CentOS Linux installa- tion.

"Installing the Virtual Appliance"

1.2. Hardware Requirements

You should meet these minimum hardware requirements for a single-server installation of Zenoss Core.

1.2.1. Deployments Up to 1000 Devices

Table 1.2. Hardware Requirements: Up to 1000 Devices

Deployment Size Memory CPU Storage 1 to 250 devices 4GB 2 cores 1x300GB, 10K RPM drive or SSD 250 to 500 devices 8GB 4 cores 1x300GB, 10K RPM drive or SSD 500 to 1000 devices 16GB 8 cores 1x300GB, 15K RPM drive or SSD

1.2.2. Deployments Over 1000 Devices

Zenoss solutions are successfully deployed at multiple sites with tens of thousands of devices. If you are planning to monitor more than 1000 devices, or will monitor a network with complex topology, there are additional requirements and configurations to consider.

1.2.3. Other Considerations

Zenoss Core is a highly IO-intensive application; as a result, it usually performs best when using direct attached storage. However, an appropriately tuned SAN/NAS environment can also be used effectively with a Zenoss Core installation.

Note

Zenoss recommends that you use a hardware-based RAID 1 (mirroring) drive subsystem to protect against data loss.

1.3. File System Configuration

Zenoss Core stores gathered performance data in individual RRD files. Performance updates are 8 bytes per data point, which translates to a 4KB file system block update. Under such a high volume/low throughput usage pattern, journaled file systems can be detrimental to IO performance.

Installation Considerations

If possible, create a separate, non-journaled partition for $ZENHOME/perf (for RPM, /opt/zenoss/perf).

For more information about file system performance tuning and increasing RRD performance, browse to:

http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool-trac/wiki/TuningRRD

1.4. Client and browser support

Zenoss Core supports the client operating systems and web browser combinations shown in the following table.

Note

• The supported browsers must have Adobe® Flash® Player 11 (or a more recent version) installed.

Table 1.3. Client and Browser Support

Client OS Supported Browsers Windows 7 • Internet Explorer 8 and 9

• Firefox ESR 24 and 27.
• Chrome 32 Windows 8.1 • Firefox ESR 24 and 27.
• Chrome 32 Windows Server 2012 • Firefox ESR 24 and 27.
• Chrome 32 Windows Server 2012 R2 • Firefox ESR 24 and 27.
• Chrome 32 OS X Mountain Lion (10.8) • Firefox ESR 24 and 27.
• Chrome 32 OS X Mavericks (10.9) • Firefox ESR 24 and 27.
• Chrome 32 Ubuntu 12.04 LTS • Firefox ESR 24 and 27.
• Chrome 32 Ubuntu 13.10 • Firefox ESR 24 and 27.
• Chrome 32

1.5. Post-Installation Performance Tuning Tasks

After your installation is complete, there are several configuration settings you should adjust to obtain proper perfor- mance. Based upon the size of your planned deployment, changes to the MySQL configuration, as well as tuning of the Zope configuration file, are required. See the chapter titled "Performance Tuning" in this guide for more information.

Installing on RHEL or CentOS

Port Protocol Direction to Zenoss Core Server

Description

8080 TCP Outbound Web interface 514 UDP Inbound syslog 162 UDP Inbound SNMP Traps 25 TCP Inbound zenmail

Alternatively, you can choose to disable your firewall.

For IPv4, use these commands:

service iptables stop chkconfig iptables off

For IPv6, use these commands:

service ip6tables stop chkconfig ip6tables off

2.4. Remove Outdated Packages

Zenoss Core requires at least MySQL 5.5.25, and supports later versions through 5.5.35. If you have older versions of MySQL installed, you must first remove those installations. Current data will be lost.

1. Stop the MySQL service:

service mysqld stop

2. List the MySQL packages currently installed:

rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

3. Remove all listed packages:

yum erase Package1 Package ...

4. If your version of MySQL is earlier than 5.5.25, delete the MySQL directory:

rm -rf /var/lib/mysql

If your version of MySQL is 5.5.25 or a more recent version, DO NOT delete the MySQL directory.

2.5. Remove Conflicting Messaging Systems

Zenoss Core relies on the RabbitMQ messaging system. Newer versions of CentOS include alternative messaging systems (Matahari and Qpid). You must remove these messaging systems to run Zenoss Core.

1. Use the following commands to determine if Matahari or Qpid packages are installed on your system:

rpm -qa | egrep -i "matahari|qpid"

2. Remove all listed packages:

yum erase Package1 Package ...

2.6. Install Oracle Java

Install Oracle Java 1.6. (Java 1.7 is not supported.)

Installing on RHEL or CentOS

1. Determine whether other Java pacakges are installed.

rpm -qa | egrep -i '(jdk|jre|java)'

If necessary, remove the other packages. yum -y remove $(rpm -qa | egrep -i '(jdk|jre|java)')

2. Download the self-installing binary of Oracle Java SE Runtime Environment 6u45 from the Java SE 6 Downloads page. The file to download is jre-6u45-linux-x64-rpm.bin.
3. Add execute permission to the self-installing binary.

chmod +x ./jre-6u45-linux-x64-rpm.bin

4. Install the Oracle JRE.

./jre-6u45-linux-x64-rpm.bin

5. Add the JAVA_HOME environment variable to /etc/profile.

echo "export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/default" >> /etc/profile

6. Verify the correct version is installed.

java -version

The preceding command should return the following output.

java version "1.6.0_45" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_45-b06) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 20.45-b01, mixed mode)

2.7. Disable SE Linux

Zenoss Core is not compatible with Security-Enhanced Linux (SELinux) in enforcing mode. Follow these steps to disable enforcing mode on the Zenoss Core host.

1. Log in as root, or as a user with superuser privileges.
2. Disable enforcing mode temporarily (avoiding the need to reboot) with the following command:

/bin/echo 0 > /selinux/enforce

3. Disable enforcing mode permanently by editing the /etc/selinux/config file with the following command:

/bin/sed -i.bak -e 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

For more information about SELinux, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SELinux, or the SELinux home page at http:// www.nsa.gov/research/selinux/index.shtml.

2.8. Install the Zenoss Dependencies Repository

Install the Zenoss dependencies repository:

RHEL/CentOS 5: rpm -Uvh http://deps.zenoss.com/yum/zenossdeps-4.2.x-1.el5.noarch.rpm RHEL/CentOS 6: rpm -Uvh http://deps.zenoss.com/yum/zenossdeps-4.2.x-1.el6.noarch.rpm

2.9. Install and Configure MySQL Community Server

You can install MySQL Community Server and Zenoss Core on the same host or you can install them on separate hosts.

Installing on RHEL or CentOS

2.10.3. Installing and initializing ZenUp

This release of Zenoss Core includes a recommended patch set (RPS) to fix issues uncovered since it was first made available. To install and manage patch sets, Zenoss provides the Zenoss Core ZenUp patch management tool, which must be installed and initialized before you start Zenoss Core.

Follow these steps to initialize ZenUp for this release of Zenoss Core. For more information about ZenUp, refer to Zenoss Core ZenUp Installation and Administration.

1. Download the following items from the https://support.zenoss.com site.
   • The ZenUp RPM file.
   • The "pristine" file for this release of Zenoss Core.
   • The current RPS (.zup) file.
2. Log in as root, or as a user with superuser privileges.
3. Install ZenUp with one of the following commands:

RHEL/CentOS 5: yum --nogpgcheck localinstall zenup- version .el5.x86_64.rpm RHEL/CentOS 6: yum --nogpgcheck localinstall zenup- version .el6.x86_64.rpm

4. Log in as user zenoss.
5. Register Zenoss Core with ZenUp by specifying the "pristine" file.

zenup init zenoss_core-4.2.5-XXXX-elX-pristine.tgz $ZENHOME

The zenup command displays messages as it works.

6. Verify the result.

zenup status

ZenUp displays information similar to the following example.

Product: zenoss-core-4.2.5 (id = zenoss-core-4.2.5) Home: /opt/zenoss Revision: 0 Updated On: timestamp

2.10.4. Start Zenoss Core and install the RPS

1. Log in as root, and start Zenoss Core.

service zenoss start

2. Stop Zenoss Core.

service zenoss stop

3. Log in as zenoss, and install the latest recommended patch set (RPS).

zenup install zenoss_core- version .zup

4. Start Zenoss Core.

zenoss start

Installing on RHEL or CentOS

2.11. Getting Started

After installation, use your Web browser to browse to the server where Zenoss Core is installed (http:// xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:8080).

Note

If you cannot successfully browse to your Zenoss Core installation, then you may need to add an entry to your hosts file for the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of your installation.

If you are using Internet Explorer to view the interface, and you have restricted the browser to trusted sites, then a warning message may appear. To prevent this, add your Zenoss Core installation to the Trusted zone. These Microsoft articles provide more information on setting up trusted sites:

• Pre-Windows 7: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/
• Windows 7: http://windows.microsoft.com/en-US/windows7/Security-zones-adding-or-removing-web- sites

The setup wizard appears.

Figure 2.1. Setup Wizard

Using this wizard, you will:

• Change the admin password
• Set up an initial user
• Add some devices to the system

From the first panel of the wizard, click Get Started! to begin.

The Set up Initial Users panel appears.

Installing on RHEL or CentOS

Figure 2.3. Setup Wizard: Step 2 (Manually Find Devices)

2.11.2. Add Devices

You can add devices manually, or give Zenoss Core network or IP address range information so it can discover your devices.

2.11.2.1. Adding Devices Manually

Follow these steps to manually add devices to the system. For each device you want to add:

1. Enter a fully qualified domain name or IP address
2. In the Details area, select a device type from the list. If your device type is not listed, then use the default selection. (You can change device classes for a device later, as well as add device classes.)
3. Enter the appropriate credentials used to authenticate against the device.

Note

For more information about setting credentials, refer to Zenoss Core Administration.

4. To add the devices, click Save.

Zenoss Core models the devices in the background.

Note

You can bypass device addition through the wizard. Click Finish or Skip to Dashboard to go directly to the Zenoss Core Dashboard. Later, you can add devices by following the steps outlined in Zenoss Core Administration.

2.11.2.2. Discovering Devices

To discover devices:

Installing on RHEL or CentOS

1. Select the Autodiscover devices option.

Figure 2.4. Setup Wizard: Step 2 (Autodiscover Devices)

2. For each network or IP range in which you want Zenoss Core to discover devices, enter an address or range. For example, you might enter a network address in CIDR notation:

10.175.211.0/

or as a range of IP addresses:

10.175.211.1-

3. If you want to enter multiple addresses or ranges, click +. For each network, you must enter a netmask or IP range.
4. For each network or IP range, specify the Windows, SSH, or SNMP credentials you want Zenoss Core to use on the devices it discovers. You can enter only one of each. Zenoss Core attempts to use the same credentials on each device it discovers within the networks or IP ranges specified.
5. Click Submit.

Zenoss Core schedules jobs to discover devices in the networks and IP ranges you specified. (To see job status, navigate to Advanced > Settings, and then select Jobs in the left panel.)

When discovery completes, a notification message appears in the Messages portlet on the Dashboard.

Chapter 3. Installing the Virtual

Appliance

3.1. System Requirements

The system requirements for running the Virtual Appliance are largely the requirements for running the VMware Player. A typical host system used for a VMware installation should meet these specifications:

• Dual core system
• Minimum RAM - 3GB
• Available disk space - 20GB

3.2. Prerequisite Tasks

Install the VMware Player. For downloads and installation instructions, go to:

http://www.vmware.com/products/player/

3.3. Installing the Appliance

Follow these steps to download and install the appliance.

1. Download the Virtual Appliance file (zenoss_core- Version -x86_64.vmware.zip), available at this location:

http://community.zenoss.org/community/download

2. Unzip the file into a working directory.
3. Start the VMware Player.
4. Use the VMware Player to navigate to the directory where you unzipped the Virtual Appliance package, and then open the Virtual Appliance.

After loading the appliance, the virtual machine window displays a message similar to:

Welcome to Zenoss

To access the Zenoss Management Console, please browse to:

http://xxx.xxx.xxx:

Note

If this message does not appear, then you may need to change the VMware player network connection option from Bridged to NAT.

5. Log in as user root. The default root password is zenoss.
6. Open a new Web browser, and then enter the URL that appears in the login screen.

The Setup Wizard appears.

Chapter 4. Performance Tuning

After installing Zenoss, you can optimize its performance by:

• Packing the ZODB
• Editing archived event data storage settings
• Setting memory caching values
• Tuning MySQL
• Increasing maximum file descriptors

Note

Performance tuning procedures assume an RPM installation. If you are using an alternate installation method, details (such as path information) likely will differ.

4.1. Packing the ZODB

The Zope Object Database (ZODB) keeps records of all transactions performed. As these records accumulate, the database file grows over time.

To keep the database running efficiently, Zenoss Core runs a weekly cron job to regularly remove old transactions. You also can initiate this process at any time; as the zenoss user, use the following command:

$ZENHOME/bin/zenossdbpack

4.2. Editing Archived Event Data Storage Settings

You can edit the default settings for archived event data to improve Zenoss Core performance. Changing these settings to values that are reasonable for your implementation will prevent the database from filling up your hard drive. An extremely large database also can have a negative impact on performance.

To change the settings for length of time Zenoss Core archives event data:

1. Select Advanced, and then select Events from the left panel.

The Event Configuration page appears.

2. Adjust values as desired for these configuration settings:
   • Delete Archived Events Older Than (days) - By default, this is set to 90 days. Accepted values are between 1 and 1000 days.
   • Event Time Purge Interval (days) - By default, this is set to 7 days. Accepted values are between 1 and 250 days.
3. Click Save to save your changes.

4.3. Memory Caching

Zenoss recommends that you set the CACHESIZE value in/etc/sysconfig/memcached to a minimum of 1024, and ideally double the size of the cache-local-mb value in zope.conf.

Chapter 5. Upgrading

This chapter provides instructions for upgrading Zenoss Core installations to version 4.2.5. You may upgrade Zenoss Core 3.2.1, 4.2.0, 4.2.3, or 4.2.4 to version 4.2.5. Version 4.2.5 requires a 64-bit platform.

Sections are presented in order, and some are optional.

Note

Version 3.2.1 upgrades only: Zenoss Core 4.2.x includes a fully redesigned event processing and storage system. Currently, upgrades do not migrate events from version 3.2.1. Instead, after the upgrade, a new, empty events database is created using the new schema.

To migrate version 3.2.1 events to version 4.2.5 as part of your upgrade, contact Zenoss Professional Services.

5.1. Preparing to upgrade

The procedure in this section prepares your installation for upgrade to version 4.2.5.

Note

Perform this procedure in a development or testing environment before performing it in a production environ- ment. In particular, only Zenoss-maintained ZenPacks are tested and supported in an upgrade. Test all other ZenPacks for compatibility with this version of Zenoss Core before upgrading a production environment.

1. Log in to the Zenoss Core host as user zenoss.
2. Stop Zenoss Core.

zenoss stop

3. Create a backup with the zenbackup command. For more information about zenbackup, refer to the Zenoss Core Administration guide.

Note

If you are upgrading version 3.2.1 , do not include the events database in the backup. For example: zenbackup --no-events

4. Create a backup of the Zenoss Core software. For example:

cd $ZENHOME tar --exclude backups --exclude perf --exclude log -czf $HOME/myZenoss.tgz ./*

5. If you are upgrading version 4.2.3 or 4.2.4 , you must install the ZenUp patch management tool before upgrading. For more information, refer to the Zenoss Core ZenUp Installation and Administration guide. When you are finished installing ZenUp, resume this procedure at the next step.
6. Switch user to root, or to a user with superuser privileges, and install the Zenoss dependencies repository.

RHEL/CentOS 5: rpm -Uvh http://deps.zenoss.com/yum/zenossdeps-4.2.x-1.el5.noarch.rpm RHEL/CentOS 6: rpm -Uvh http://deps.zenoss.com/yum/zenossdeps-4.2.x-1.el6.noarch.rpm

7. Clean up yum caches.

yum clean all

Upgrading

8. Upgrade Java.

a. Download the self-installing RPM of Oracle Java SE Runtime Environment 6u45 from the Java SE 6 Downloads page. The file to download is jre-6u45-linux-x64-rpm.bin.

b. Make the RPM installer executable, install the JRE, and verify the installed version.

chmod +x ./jre-6u45-linux-x64-rpm.bin ./jre-6u45-linux-x64-rpm.bin java -version

c. Remove the older version of Java.

yum -y remove jre-1.6.0_31-fcs.x86_

5.2. Upgrading MySQL Server

The procedure in this section removes MySQL Server and then installs the updated release.

1. Log in as root, or as a user with superuser privileges.
2. Stop MySQL Server.

service mysql stop

Note

For older releases of MySQL Server, the daemon is mysqld, not mysql.

3. Determine which MySQL packages are installed.

rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

Remove package(s) as necessary.

rpm -e --nodeps package-name

4. Download the following Red Hat/Oracle Enterprise Linux (x86, 64-bit) RPM Packages of MySQL Community Server, version 5.5.35, from mysql.com:
   • MySQL Server
   • Client Utilities
   • Shared components
5. Clean yum caches and metadata, and then install the MySQL Server packages.

yum clean all yum -y --nogpgcheck localinstall MySQL*

6. Start MySQL Server.

service mysql start

7. Upgrade the existing databases.

mysql_upgrade

8. Set MySQL Server to start when the system starts, restart it, and set the root password for the Zenoss Core upgrade.