Designation: D 1129 – 04
Standard Terminology Relating to
Water
1,2
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1129; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
accuracy, n—a measure of the degree of conformity of a value
generated by a specific procedure to the assumed or accepted
true value, and includes both precision and bias.
acidity, n—the quantitative capacity of aqueous media to react
with hydroxyl ions.
acidity, free mineral, n—the quantitative capacity of aqueous
media to react with hydroxyl ions to pH 4.3.
acidity, theoretical free mineral, n—the free mineral acidity
that would result from the conversion of the anions of strong
acids in solution to their respective free acids.
alkalinity, n—the quantitative capacity of aqueous media to
react with hydrogen ions.
analyte, n—a possible sample component whose presence and
concentration is of interest.
anion-exchange material, n—a material capable of the revers-
ible exchange of negatively charged ions.
bias, n—the persistent positive or negative deviation of the
method average value from the assumed or accepted true
value.
biological deposits, n—deposits of organisms or the products
of their life processes.
blank, n—matrix carried through all or part of the analytical
process, where the analyte is not present, or where the
analyte response is suppressed.
NOTE 1—A blank must be appropriate to the analytical process it is
being used with.
NOTE 2—A blank is typically used to monitor contamination or to
establish a baseline for quantitation.
brackish water, n—water that contains dissolved matter at an
approximate concentration range from 1000 to 30 000 mg/L.
brine, n—water that contains dissolved matter at an approxi-
mate concentration of more than 30 000 mg/L.
cation conductivity, n—a conductivity measurement per-
formed on water after cations have been exchanged for
protons using cation exchange media.
cation-exchange material, n—a material capable of the re-
versible exchange of positively charged ions.
caustic embrittlement, n—a form of metal failure that occurs
in steam boilers at riveted joints and at tube ends, the
cracking being predominantly intercrystalline.
chlorine requirement, n—the amount of chlorine required to
achieve, under specified conditions, the objectives of chlo-
rination.
chlorine residual, n—the amount of available chlorine present
in water at any specified time.
chlorine, combined available, n—residual chlorine combined
with ammonia nitrogen or nitrogenous compounds.
chlorine, free available, n—the hypochlorite ions (OCl
−
),
hypochlorous acid (HOCl) or the combination thereof
present in water.
chlorosity, n—the concentration of the dissolved chloride
equivalent in water at 20°C.
composite sample, n—a combination of two or more samples.
concentrate (reverse osmosis), n—the residual portion of an
aqueous solution applied to a membrane.
control analyses, n—the determination of specific parameters
used as criteria for proper operation of a system.
corrosion products, n—products that result from chemical or
electrochemical reaction between a metal and its environ-
ment.
data traceability, n—the ability to verify data by having
access to, and documentation of, all prior information used
to generate it and needed for its interpretation.
dispersion staining, n—the color effects produced when a
transparent object, immersed in a liquid having a refractive
index near that of the object is viewed under the microscope
by a transmitted light and precise-aperture control.
dissolved matter, n—that matter, exclusive of gases, which is
dispersed in water to give a single homogeneous liquid
phase.
duplicate sample, n—one of two (2) representative portions
taken from the same sample or sample source.
electrical conductivity, n—the reciprocal of the resistance in
ohms measured between opposite faces of a centimetre cube
of an aqueous solution at a specified temperature.
equivalent per million (epm), n—a unit chemical equivalent
weight of solute per million unit weights of solution.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.02 on General Specifications,
Technical Resources, and Statistical Methods.
Current edition approved March 1, 2004. Published April 2004. Originally
approved in 1950. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 1129– 03a.
2
A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this terminology.
1
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