Estude fácil! Tem muito documento disponível na Docsity
Ganhe pontos ajudando outros esrudantes ou compre um plano Premium
Prepare-se para as provas
Estude fácil! Tem muito documento disponível na Docsity
Prepare-se para as provas com trabalhos de outros alunos como você, aqui na Docsity
Os melhores documentos à venda: Trabalhos de alunos formados
Prepare-se com as videoaulas e exercícios resolvidos criados a partir da grade da sua Universidade
Responda perguntas de provas passadas e avalie sua preparação.
Ganhe pontos para baixar
Ganhe pontos ajudando outros esrudantes ou compre um plano Premium
Comunidade
Peça ajuda à comunidade e tire suas dúvidas relacionadas ao estudo
Descubra as melhores universidades em seu país de acordo com os usuários da Docsity
Guias grátis
Baixe gratuitamente nossos guias de estudo, métodos para diminuir a ansiedade, dicas de TCC preparadas pelos professores da Docsity
Inglês destinado a área do Agro. Contém textos e exercícios para praticar a escrita e leitura.
Tipologia: Exercícios
Oferta por tempo limitado
Compartilhado em 23/10/2019
5
(1)1 documento
1 / 41
Esta página não é visível na pré-visualização
Não perca as partes importantes!
Em oferta
Todas as atividades, neste material, foram elaboradas pela professora Adriana Aguiar para fins
Todas as atividades, neste material, foram elaboradas pela professora Adriana Aguiar para fins
Activity 1: Read the excerpt from the article Corn-october grain of the month. Then circle the actions in the past tense.
By about 600 A.D., a number of North American Indians were extensively growing corn. Christopher Columbus took it back to Spain with him, and by the 17th century, it was a major crop all over Europe. The Portuguese introduced it to East Africa and Asia and from there it was just a matter of time until it arrived in India and China through established trade routes. Corn is now one of the most widely grown vegetables on Earth, especially in the Americas. It took a considerable length of time but over centuries, farmers were able to transform the small, barely edible teosinte into a delicious, easily harvested food product. As time went by, people bred the corn plants to have bigger ears with more kernels and fewer leaves, making them easier to eat. Without this, we wouldn’t have the corn we know and love today. [...]
(http://wholegrainscouncil.org/whole-grains-101/corn-october-grain-of-the-month. Accessed Nov 22,
Activity 2: Find the past tense of the actions below in the excerpt above.
REGULAR VERBS IRREGULAR VERBS introduce be arrive take harvest breed
Activity 3: Answer the questions about corn.
a) What was the major crop all over Europe by the 17th century?
b) What do the ears of corn look like today?
c) When is a good season to plant corn in our region?
d) Did you have corn for lunch today? ___________________________________
GLOSSARY CROP: colheita/safra EDIBLE: comestível HARVEST: colher EARS: espigas KERNEL: grão
LEAVES: folhas
Todas as atividades, neste material, foram elaboradas pela professora Adriana Aguiar para fins
Cattle farming remains one of this country’s key industries, since Brazil produces
millions of tonnes of beef every year. Cattle farming occurs mainly in Mato Grosso,
Mato Grosso do Sul, Goiás and Minas Gerais.
Significantly, Brazil is also the second-largest producer of soybeans on the planet.
These beans and their derivatives are used extensively all over the world. Mato Grosso
and Paraná together produce almost half of the entire country’s soybean volume.
(http://www.brazil.org.za/agriculture.html#.U9lBhONdUvl. Accessed on Aug. 20, 2014.)
a) ( ) to promote sustainable agriculture in Brazil. b) ( ) to give information about farming in Brazil. c) ( ) to give information about subsistence farmers in Brazil. d) ( ) To make farmers aware of weather conditions in Brazil.
a) ( ) The soil in the South of Brazil is dry. b) ( ) Soybean crops are a profitable business in Brazil. c) ( ) The central part of Brazil has only cattle farming. d) ( ) Brazil doesn’t export any kind of grain. e) ( ) Brazil exports beef.
GLOSSARY AVAILABLE: disponível BASIN: bacia BOOMING: crescimento DROUGHTS: secas EXPANSES: extensões
GLOSSARY UNABLE: incapaz UNSUITABLE: inadequado OILSEEDS: oleaginosas THRIVE: prosperar, desenvolver-se TOUGH: difícil
Todas as atividades, neste material, foram elaboradas pela professora Adriana Aguiar para fins
b) How much beef does Brazil produce every year?
c) What kinds of crops does the Northeast of Brazil grow?
a) ________________________: a long period of abnormally low rainfall, espe cially one that adverselyaffects growing or living conditions.
b) _______________________:the horses, cattle, sheep, and other useful anima ls kept or raised on a farm or ranch.
c) ________________________: the business, art, or skill of agriculture.
d) ________________________:cultivated plants or agricultural produce, such as grain, vegetables or fruit, considered as a group.
e) ________________________:the top layer of the earth's surface, consisting of rock and mineralparticles mixed with organic matter.
a) b) c)
d) e) f)
Todas as atividades, neste material, foram elaboradas pela professora Adriana Aguiar para fins
can grab an ax and cut down the apple tree. Timmy thinks the second option is a great idea because, instead of bothering with a cumbersome ladder, he can just chop down the tree and bring the apples to ground level, where he can easily pick them up. Timmy is pretty proud of himself for coming up with a solution, but I bet you can see a problem here.
While Timmy has plenty of apples for his immediate needs, he will not have his needs met next year because there will be no tree to produce fruit. In other words, Timmy did not sustain his natural resource and it will no longer be available to him. By chopping down the apple tree, Timmy overlooked the importance of environmental sustainability. In this lesson, we will look at this concept and a few ways it is being applied to ensure that future generations can enjoy the natural resources our planet has to offer.
[…]
(http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/environmental-sustainability-definition-and- application.html#lesson. Accessed on Aug. 07, 2014.)
Ou
a) ( ) Timmy’s action has a negative impact on the environment. b) ( ) His decision to chop down the apple tree has long term implications. c) ( ) He thought about his future needs. d) ( ) His action was unsustainable. e) ( ) His immediate action damaged a natural resource.
a) ( ) Timmy thinks the second option is a great idea. b) ( ) Timmy overlooked the importance of environmental sustainability. c) ( ) Timmy did not sustain his natural resource.
GLOSSARY: GRAB: agarrar BOTHER: incomodar CHOP DOWN: cortar OVERLOOK: não perceber
GLOSSARY: STEPLADDER: escada de mão AX: machado CUMBERSOME: desajeitado(a)
Todas as atividades, neste material, foram elaboradas pela professora Adriana Aguiar para fins
d) ( ) He will not have his needs met next year. e) ( ) As Timmy sees it, he has two options.
I. Are some of your actions sustainable? Take a look at the actions below and say if do or don’t do them.
Ten Sustainable Actions
(http://www.bu.edu/sustainability/what-you-can-do/ten-sustainable-actions/. Accessed on Aug. 13, 2014.)
II. Now, let’s continue reading some of the article “Environmental Sustainability: Definition and Application” by Dr. Rebecca Gillaspy. Then answer the questions below.
Environmental sustainability is defined as responsible interaction with the environment to avoid depletion or degradation of natural resources and allow for long- term environmental quality. The practice of environmental sustainability helps to ensure that the needs of today's population are met without jeopardizing the ability of future generations to meet their needs.
When we look at the natural environment, we see that it has a rather remarkable ability to rejuvenate itself and sustain its viability. For example, when a tree falls, it decomposes, adding nutrients to the soil. These nutrients help sustain suitable conditions so future saplings can grow.
When nature is left alone, it has a tremendous ability to care for itself. However, when man enters the picture and uses many of the natural resources provided by the environment, things change. Human actions can deplete natural resources, and without the application of environmental sustainability methods, long-term viability can be compromised.
Todas as atividades, neste material, foram elaboradas pela professora Adriana Aguiar para fins
I. Take a look at the sign below. What’s its goal?
II. Do you agree with this sign? Why or why not?
III. Read an excerpt of the article “Environmental Sustainability: Definitiaon and Application” by Dr. Rebecca Gillaspy. Then answer the questions.
[…]
Sustainable Agriculture
One way environmental sustainability is being applied is through sustainable agriculture. This is defined as the use of farming techniques that protect the environment. Sustainable agriculture has grown out of concerns over the industrialization of agriculture that began in the 20th century.
Although industrial agriculture has the ability to produce abundant amounts of food at affordable prices, the method of farming can be detrimental to the environment. Industrial agricultural methods are heavily reliant on chemical fertilizers and pesticides and put high demands on soil and water resources. Also, industrial crops are often monocrops, which involves growing a single crop year after year.
These methods can lead to water pollution when chemicals run off into waterways, deplete the water resources due to overuse, and soil erosion and poor soil quality due to aggressive planting. With sustainable agriculture, farmers minimize water use and lower the dependence on chemical pesticides and fertilizers. They also minimize tillage of the soil and rotate crop planting each year to ensure higher soil quality.
[…]
(http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/environmental-sustainability-definition-and- application.html#lesson. Accessed on Aug. 07, 2014.)
Todas as atividades, neste material, foram elaboradas pela professora Adriana Aguiar para fins
a) What’s sustainable agriculture according to Dr. Rebecca Gillaspy?
b) Write down three negative points about industrial agriculture?
c) Write down three positive points about sustainable agriculture?
IV. Do you remember how to say the following words in English? Find them in the text above and write them down.
lavouras técnicas de agricultura meio ambiente fertilizantes químicos solo recursos
GLOSSARY DETRIMENTAL: bad for (prejudicial) RELIANT: dependent on HEAVILY: excessively/ very much AFFORDABLE: acessível
GLOSSARY WATERWAY: canal/ curso d’água TILLAGE: cultivation of land (cultura) RUN OFF: escorrer
Todas as atividades, neste material, foram elaboradas pela professora Adriana Aguiar para fins
"Organic Agriculture is a production system that sustains the health of soils, ecosystems and people. It relies on ecological processes, biodiversity and cycles adapted to local conditions, rather than the use of inputs with adverse effects. Organic Agriculture combines tradition, innovation and science to benefit the shared environment and promote fair relationships and a good quality of life for all involved."
(http://www.ifoam.org/fr/organic-landmarks/definition-organic-agriculture. Accessed on Aug. 28, 2014.)
PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE
Organic Agriculture should sustain and enhance the health of soil, plant, animal, human and planet as one and indivisible.
This principle points out that the health of individuals and communities cannot be separated from the health of ecosystems - healthy soils produce healthy crops that foster the health of animals and people.
Health is the wholeness and integrity of living systems. It is not simply the absence of illness, but the maintenance of physical, mental, social and ecological well-being. Immunity, resilience and regeneration are key characteristics of health.
The role of Organic Agriculture, whether in farming, processing, distribution, or consumption, is to sustain and enhance the health of ecosystems and organisms from the smallest in the soil to human beings. In particular, organic agriculture is intended to produce high quality, nutritious food that contributes to preventive health care and well- being. In view of this it should avoid the use of fertilizers, pesticides, animal drugs and food additives that may have adverse health effects.
(http://www.ifoam.org/fr/organic-landmarks/principles-organic-agriculture. Accessed on Aug. 28, 2014.)
I. Read the statements about organic agriculture and write T for true and F for false.
GLOSSARY ENHANCE: melhorar FOSTER: promover INTEND: designar KEY: chave RESILIENCE: plasticidade WHOLENESS: unidade
Todas as atividades, neste material, foram elaboradas pela professora Adriana Aguiar para fins
a) ( ) organic food is better than conventional food. b) ( ) Organic food differs from conventionally produced food simply in the way it is grown, handled and processed. c) ( ) According to the text, health is lack of illness. d) ( ) Organic agriculture focuses only on people’s health. e) ( ) Fertilizers and pesticides are used in organic agriculture.
II. Answer the questions below according to the text. a) What’s the goal of organic agriculture?
b) Why is organic agriculture beneficial to our health?
c) Do fertilizers and pesticides have bad effects on our health?
III. Find in the text the nouns for the verbs below.
process maintain distribute regenerate farm consume innovate produce
IV. What adjective was used to characterize the words below. health care
agriculture
well-being
crops
food
Todas as atividades, neste material, foram elaboradas pela professora Adriana Aguiar para fins
(http://www.cbd.int/2011-2020/events/partners.shtm. Accessed on Sep. 03, 2014.)
II. The text below presents the second principle of organic agriculture provided by the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM). Read it and think it over.
2. Principle of Ecology Organic Agriculture should be based on living ecological systems and cycles, work with them, emulate them and help sustain them.
This principle roots Organic Agriculture within living ecological systems. It states that production is to be based on ecological processes, and recycling. Nourishment and well- being are achieved through the ecology of the specific production environment. For example, in the case of crops this is the living soil; for animals it is the farm ecosystem; for fish and marine organisms, the aquatic environment.
Organic farming, pastoral and wild harvest systems should fit the cycles and ecological balances in nature. These cycles are universal but their operation is site-specific. Organic management must be adapted to local conditions, ecology, culture and scale. Inputs should be reduced by reuse, recycling and efficient management of materials and energy in order to maintain and improve environmental quality and conserve resources.
Organic Agriculture should attain ecological balance through the design of farming systems, establishment of habitats and maintenance of genetic and agricultural diversity. Those who produce, process, trade, or consume organic products should protect and benefit the common environment including landscapes, climate, habitats, biodiversity, air and water.
(http://www.ifoam.org/fr/organic-landmarks/principles-organic-agriculture. Accessed on Sept. 03, 2014.)
d) Do you think you live in harmony with nature?
Todas as atividades, neste material, foram elaboradas pela professora Adriana Aguiar para fins
If you had to choose four key words to summarize this text, which words would you choose?
What does the text say about inputs?
you're not ingesting deadly pesticides, poisons and herbicides
GLOSSARY ATTAIN: alcançar EMULATE: emular, igualar FIT: ajustar ROOT: enraizar, firmar-se TRADE: comercializar, negociar
GLOSSARY NOURISHMENT: nutrição PASTORAL: pastoril, rural SITE: local
Todas as atividades, neste material, foram elaboradas pela professora Adriana Aguiar para fins
VI. Think and answer
I. Verbo modal MUST: must é utilizado para expressar obrigação e necessidade. Na forma negativa ( mustn’t ) expressa proibição. Sempre utilizamos MUST +VERBO. EXAMPLE: We must respect the law.
II. When you see the following signs, what mustn’t or must you do?
(Available at:http://blog.urbanremedy.com/1513/eating-organic-is-in-are-you/. Accessed on September 11, 2014.)
Todas as atividades, neste material, foram elaboradas pela professora Adriana Aguiar para fins
III. Let’s read a little bit about organic animals. While you read, fill in the blanks with the right preposition. Use the prepositions in the box below to help you.
Organic animals
Organic standards put animal welfare first. As well as requiring that animals are genuinely free range, organic standards cover living conditions, food quality, the use ……… antibiotics and hormones, as well as transport and slaughter. These standards mean that animals raised ………… organic systems enjoy the very highest welfare standards of farmed animals.
A healthy animal is better able to resist disease than a stressed one. Organic livestock farming aims to prevent disease from occurring ……….. promoting health. This is achieved …………….. appropriate diet, high welfare standards for housing, amount of housing space ………… each animal and taking measures to reduce stress.
IV. Continue reading the text about organic animals. The answer the questions below.
Must have access to fields (when weather and ground conditions permit) and are truly free range
Must have plenty of space – which helps to reduce stress and disease
Must be fed a diet that is as natural as possible and free from genetically modified organisms (GMOs)
Must only be given drugs to treat an illness – the routine use of antibiotics is prohibited
